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By:
Bekki Hynes
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Decks in this class (109)
2.1.1 Studying Cells
Microscopes are used to,
Magnification,
Resolution
20
cards
2.1.2 Using A Microscopes
Why do we use optical microscopes,
How optical microscopes work,
Apparatus
15
cards
2.1.3 Drawing Cells
Biological drawings,
Guidelines for biological drawings,
Deciding on the type of drawing
3
cards
2.1.4 Magnification And Resolution
Magnification formula,
Converting units of measurement,
Magnification
8
cards
2.1.5 Eukaryotic Cells
Cell surface membrane,
Cell wall,
Nucleus
17
cards
2.1.6 Eukarytoic Cells Under The Microscope
Animal vs plant cells,
Describing and interpreting micro...,
Electron micrographs
3
cards
2.1.7 Organelles & The Production Of Proteins
Protein production organelles,
Process of protein synthesis
2
cards
2.1.8 The Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton,
The importance of the cytoskeleton
2
cards
2.1.9 Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic cells vs eukaryotic c...,
Organelles in prokaryotes,
Plasmids
7
cards
2.2.1 Properties Of Water
Importance of water,
Structure of water,
Hydrogen bonds
7
cards
2.2.2 Monomers & Polymers
Monomers polymers,
Covalent bonding,
Condensation
12
cards
2.2.3 Monosaccharides
Reducing and non reducing sugars,
Reducing sugars,
Non reducing sugars
7
cards
2.2.4 The Glycosidic Bond
Forming the glycosidic bond,
Types of different glycosidic bon...,
Breaking the glycosidic bond
5
cards
2.2.5 Polysaccharides
Polysaccharide structure,
Starch structure,
Glycogen structure
9
cards
2.2.6 Biochemical Tests: Reducing Sugars & Starch
0
cards
2.2.7 Lipids & Ester Bonds
Lipids,
Triglycerides,
Phospholipids
5
cards
2.2.8 Lipids: Strucure & Functions
Triglycerides,
Energy storage,
Insulation
7
cards
2.2.9 Biochemical Tests: Lipids
0
cards
2.2.10 Amino Acids & Peptide Bonds
Proteins,
Amino acids,
The peptide bond
3
cards
2.2.11 Protein: Strucutre
Levels of protein structure,
Primary structure,
Secondary structure
11
cards
2.2.12 Globular Proteins
Globular,
Haemoglobin structure,
Haemoglobin function and how it s...
6
cards
2.2.13 Fibrous Proteins
Fibrous proteins,
Examples of fibrous proteins,
Globular vs fibrous tertiary prot...
7
cards
2.2.14 Inorganic Ions
0
cards
2.2.15 Biochemical Tests: Proteins
0
cards
2.2.16 Finding The Concentration Of A Substance
0
cards
2.2.17 Chromatography
0
cards
2.3.1 Nucleotides & Phosphodiester Bonds
Nucleotides,
Dna nucleotides,
Rna nucleotides
6
cards
2.3.2 Phosphorylated Nucleotides
Structure of atp adp,
Atp
2
cards
2.3.3 DNA: Structure
Dna structure,
Hydrogen bonding,
Double helix
3
cards
2.3.4 DNA Purification
0
cards
2.3.5 DNA Replication
Semi conservative replication of dns,
The importance of retaining one o...,
Semi conservative replication pro...
5
cards
2.3.6 The Genetic Code
Nature of the genetic code,
The triplet code,
Codons and anticodons
3
cards
2.3.7 Transcription
Transcription,
Transcription process,
The coding strand and the templat...
3
cards
2.3.7 Translation
Translation process
1
cards
2.4.1 The Role Of Enzymes
Enzymes as catalysts,
Site of action of enzymes,
Intracellular enzymes example
5
cards
2.4.2 Enzyme Action
Mechanism of enzyme action,
Enzyme specificity,
The enzyme substrate complex
6
cards
2.4.3 Enzyme Activity: PH
Denaturing due to ph,
Optimum ph,
Buffer solutions
7
cards
2.4.4 Enzyme Activity: Temperature
Enzyme activity and temperature,
Lower temperatures with ph,
Higher temperatures with ph
6
cards
2.4.5 Enzyme Activity: Enzyme Concentration
Enzyme activity due to enzyme con...
1
cards
2.4.6 Enzyme Activity: Substrate Concentration
Enzyme activity with substrate co...
1
cards
2.4.7 Enzyme Activity: Enzyme Inhibitors
Reversible inhibitors,
Reversible inhibitors and reactio...
2
cards
2.4.8 Coenzymes, Cofactors & Prosthetic Groups
0
cards
2.4.9 Practical: Measuring Enzyme Activity
0
cards
2.5.1 The Cell Surface Membrane
0
cards
2.5.2 Membrane Structure & Permeabilty
0
cards
2.5.3 Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion
0
cards
2.5.4 Practical: Investigation The Rate Of Diffusion
0
cards
2.5.5 Active Transport
0
cards
2.5.6 Endocytosis & Exocytosis
0
cards
2.5.7 Osmosis
0
cards
2.5.8 Osmosis In Animal & Plant Cells
0
cards
2.5.9 Practical: Investigating Water Practical
0
cards
2.6.1 The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle,
Interphases,
Nuclear division mitosis
6
cards
2.6.2 The Stages Of Mitosis
Mitosis and the stages,
Prophase,
Metaphase
5
cards
2.6.3 Indentifying Mitosis In Plant Cells
Identifying mitosis in plant cells,
Squash technique method,
Limitations
3
cards
2.6.4 The Significance Of Mitosis
Significance of mitosis,
Growth of multicellular organisms,
Replacement of cells repair of ti...
4
cards
2.6.5 The Stages Of Meiosis
Stages of meiosis,
Prophase 1,
Metaphase 1
12
cards
2.6.6 The Significance Of Meisois
Significance of meiosis,
Crossing over,
Independent assortment
4
cards
2.6.7 Specicalised Cells
Specialised cells,
Erythrocytes red blood cells,
Neutrophils
9
cards
2.6.8 The Organisation Of Cells
The organisation of cells,
Xylem vessel cells,
Phloem vessel cells
8
cards
2.6.9 Stem Cells
Features of stem cells,
Types of potency,
Multipotent adult stem cells
3
cards
2.6.10 Stem Cells In Animals & Plants
Stem cells in the bone marrow,
Erythrocytes,
Structure and function of erythro...
10
cards
2.6.11 The Use Of Stem Cells
Use of embryonic stem cells,
Use of multipotent adult stem cells,
Diseases that can be treated usin...
4
cards
3.1.1 Specialised Exchange Surfaces
0
cards
3.1.2 Features Of Exchange Surfaces
0
cards
3.1.3 The Mammalian Gas Exchange System
0
cards
3.1.4 Ventilation In Mammals
0
cards
3.1.5 Spirometers
0
cards
3.1.6 Gas Exchange In Fish & Insects
0
cards
3.1.7 Practical: Dissection Of Gas Exchange Surfaces In Fish & Insects
0
cards
3.2.1 The Need For Transport Systems In Animals
0
cards
3.2.2 Circulatory Systems
The needs for a circulatory system,
Single and double circulatory sys...,
Single circulatory system in fish
14
cards
3.2.3 Blood Vessels
Arteries arterioles veins and ven...,
Structure of arteries,
Structure of arterioles
7
cards
3.2.4 Tissue Fluid
Tissue fluid,
Tissue fluid formation forces,
At the arterial end
7
cards
3.2.5 The Mammalian Heart
Heart structure,
Valves in the heart,
Coronary arteries
3
cards
3.2.6 Practical: Mammilian Heart Dissection
The cardiac cycle,
Pressure changes,
The cardiac cycle process
4
cards
3.2.7 The Cardiac Cycle
The cardiac cycle,
Pressure changes,
The cardiac cycle process
4
cards
3.2.8 Cardiac Output
Cardiac output,
Calculating cardiac output
2
cards
3.2.9 Heart Action: Initiation & Control
Initiation and control,
Stages in the cardiac cycle
2
cards
3.2.10 Electrocardiograms (ECGs)
Electrocardiograms ecgs,
Egc key features,
Using ecgs to diagnose heart prob...
7
cards
3.2.11 The Role Of Haemoglobin
Transport of oxygen,
Carbon dioxide transport,
Formation of hydrogen carbonate ions
4
cards
3.2.12 Adult & Fetal Haemoglobin
The oxygen dissociation curve,
Explaining the shape of the curve
2
cards
3.3.1 The Need For Transport Systems In Plants
The need for transport systems in...,
Increasing transport distances,
Surface area volume ratios
6
cards
3.3.2 The Xylem & Phloem
Xylem function,
Xylem location,
Phloem function
4
cards
3.3.3 The Xylem
Xylem vessels elements structure ...,
Relating structure and function i...
2
cards
3.3.4 The Phloem
Phloem structure
1
cards
3.3.5 Transverse Sections: Stems, Roots & Leaves
0
cards
3.3.6 The Process Of Transpiration
0
cards
3.3.7 Transpiration In Plants
0
cards
3.3.8 Practical: Investigating The Rate Of Transpiration
0
cards
3.3.9 Translocation
0
cards
3.3.10 The Mass Flow Hypotheis
0
cards
3.3.11 The Adaptations Of Xerophytic & Hydrophytic Plants
0
cards
4.1.1 Common Pathogens & Communicable Diseases
0
cards
4.1.2 Transmission Of Communicable Pathogens
0
cards
4.1.3 Plant Defences Against Pathogens
0
cards
4.1.4 Non-Specific Immune Responses
0
cards
4.1.5 Phagocytes
0
cards
4.1.6 Blood Cells
0
cards
4.1.7 The T Lymphocyte Response
T lymphocytes,
Maturation of t lymphocytes
2
cards
4.1.8 The B Lymphocyte Response
0
cards
4.1.9 Primary & Secondary Immune Responses
0
cards
4.1.10 Antibodies
0
cards
4.1.11 Opsonins, Agglutinins & Anti-Toxins
0
cards
4.1.12 Types Of Immunity
0
cards
4.1.13 Autoimmune Diseases
0
cards
4.1.14 Principle Of Vaccination
0
cards
4.1.15 Sources Of Medicine
0
cards
4.1.16 Antibiotics
0
cards
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