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Genes, Molecules and Cells (1)

This class was created by Brainscape user Josh Cowling. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.

Decks in this class (23)

Cell types and specialisation
Essential features of the cell Cell types and comparisons pro/eukaryotic Specialisation and multicellularity in eukaryotes
12  cards
Cell theory and microscopy
What are cells? Light microscopy Electron microscopy Recent advances
13  cards
Boundaries and membranes
Cell boundaries Membranes - structure and function Cell walls and extracellular mix
10  cards
Organelles
Introduction Survey of different organelles
17  cards
Genetic information: storage and transfer
Be able to define genotype, phenotype and genome Understand that genotype has a major influence on phenotype but other factors can apply Understand why animal clones and human identical twins are not the same Know the size of E.coli, budding yeast, fruit fly and human genomes in bp and their length
13  cards
Mendelian Genetics 1
Mendel's experiments on pea pants Dominance Law of segregation Law of independent assortment Mendelian traits in humans Pedigree analysis
15  cards
Mendelian Genetics 2
Meiosis Chromosomal basis of inheritance Non-mendelian patterns of inheritance Incomplete dominance Co-dominance Multiple alleles Pleiotropy Epistasis Polygenic inheritance Environment
19  cards
Advanced mendelian genetics 1
Define what a gene allele is and what we mean by dominant and recessive alleles Explain why an allele of a gene encoding a working version of isn enzyme is usually dominant over a mutant allele that encodes a non-working enzyme Define haploinsufficiency and the nature of dominant negative alleles, give examples to illustrate how these work Give one example where alleles of several genes combine to give different phenotypes
8  cards
Advanced Mendelian Genetics 2
Define epistasis and explain it using an example Give some specific examples of modifier genes and discuss their general importance in genetics Describe the genetic effects of penetrance and expressivity using Huntington's disease as an example Explain what a genetic map is, the nature of genetic linkage and recombination, and how by measuring recombination we can produce genetic maps
14  cards
DNA and RNA
Describe the experiment Griffith did to discover bacterial transformation Describe Avery, Macleod and McCarty DNA discovering experiment Explain how genetic material of phage T2 is DNA Draw nucleotide basic structure Know DNA properties Identify purine and pyrimidine bases Understand difference between Deoxyribose and ribose Know that DNA can adopt different forms
24  cards
DNA replication
What type of replication does dna...,
Who discovered semi conservative ...,
How did meselson and stahl prove ...
14  cards
DNA replication II
Understand why telomeres cause a problem for replication and how telomerase solves this Appreciate the different activities of E.coli DNA pol 3, the organisation of the enzyme and its action during DNA rep Understand DNA supercoiling ands understand topisomerase and gyrase Learnt E.coli replication and the role of the term sequences Be able to explain how E.coli can replicate efficiently
21  cards
Transcription in eukaryotes
Understand how DNA is packaged in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells and how this differs from prokaryotic cells Know the names and roles pf 3 major RNA polymerases Be familiar with the organisation of eukaryotic promoters and understand what the different regions do Know the difference between specific and general transcription factors and know a model of transcription Understand DNA splicing, capping and polyadenylation
21  cards
Transcription in prokaryotes
Understand how the E.coli genome is packaged inside the cell Understand how genes are organised and the difference between coding and template strands Know the nature of the main promoter elements in E.coli and how they interact with RNA polymerase Explain the basics of RNA synthesis in transcription Appreciate the functions of intrinsic and Rho dependent terminators
15  cards
The genetic code
State which molecules are involved in protein synthesis and be able to describe their specific roles Explain the relevance of the genetic code Explain why the genetic code must be at least 3 base pairs per codon Explain why the genetic code is degenerate but not ambiguous Explain the relevance of the nonsense codons Describe the chemical mechanisms involved in tRNA charging
12  cards
Translation
To be able to describe the function and structure of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes To comprehend the sequence of events during protein synthesis Describe the events which can modify a protein after is has been synthesised State examples of antibiotics which specifically inhibit protein synthesis in both types of cells
13  cards
Protein structure and function
What are proteins built from,
What is the equation for protein ...,
What are the bonds between proteins
26  cards
Proteins and their amino acids
What does condensation of amino a...,
What do multiple peptide bonds make,
What happens to chains of amino a...
14  cards
Enzymes and applications
What are the functions of enzymes 2,
Where are simple enzymes found,
Where are complex enzymes found
12  cards
Enzyme kinetics
What are the 3 characteristics of...,
What do catalysts lower,
How do we measure the effectivene...
15  cards
Enzyme inhibition
Is enzyme inhibition reversible o...,
What are the characteristics of a...,
What is an example of an irrevers...
10  cards
Enzyme regulation
What are the 3 ways to regulate e...,
How can glucose metabolism in ske...,
What is allosteric control 4
8  cards
Metabolism
What is metabolism,
What does anabolic mean,
What does catabolic mean
33  cards

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Genes, Molecules and Cells (1)

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