Immuno/Micro/Viro

-Describe the three types of genetic material that can be found in bacterial cells. -Explain the process of homologous recombination and describe why it is important for bacteria that have acquired new DNA molecules. -Compare and contrast the elements involved in the processes of transformation, conjugation and transduction. -Differentiate between intrinsic, chromosome-mediated and plasmid-mediated drug resistance mechanisms. -Describe the genetic elements involved in the construction of mu

-Define the terms “bacteriocidal” and “bacteriostatic” and be able to give some antibiotic examples that would fall into each of these categories. In a general sense, know what types of infections are treated with bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics. -Describe the specific mechanism of action of the drugs for whom specific examples were given. -Know the definition of broad spectrum and narrow spectrum antibiotics, as well the advantages and disadvantages of each. -Describe specific b

-- List the major microbial virulence factors and mechanisms of pathogenesis -- Understand adherence phenomena & methods for pathogen resistance to phagocytosis -- Describe the role of capsules, biofilms, toxins, superantigens, & destructive enzymes in disease -- Define the importance of exaggerated immune response in the pathogenic effect produced by various microbes in the human host -- List the normal bacterial flora found in the main body regions, and differentiate from adjac

-Discuss the unique properties of viruses and their impact on the diagnosis and treatment of viral disease.  -Know how the viruses that commonly infect humans are classified into families. Be able to match family names with genome makeup.  -Identify each component of a virion and it’s importance in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of viral disease. -Describe the typical steps in viral replication. -Describe the effect of viral infection on host cell morphology. -List the viral genome

1. Appreciate the importance of fungi in human disease. 2. Describe the key characteristics of fungal cells and structures. 3. Categorize fungal infections based on tissue colonization. 4. Know the risk factors for acquiring fungal infections. 5. Know common antifungal agents and their targets (mechanism of action). 6. Become familiar with the techniques used to diagnose fungal infections and identify fungal pathogens.

1. Identify parts of the body that are colonized by microorganisms and others that are sterile. 2. Recognize common hospital-acquired infections, their causes, the sources and routes of spread of these infections, the consequences of these infections, and their prevention. 3. Define sterilization and identify key sterilizing methods and their mechanisms of action. 4. Define disinfection, describe important qualities, effectiveness and classes of a universal disinfectant, and depict some impor

1. List the gram staining and morphological properties of the bacterial genera described in the reading assignment. 2. Use the results from a catalase test to differentiate between the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. 3. Use the hemolysis on blood agar and results from the Optochin and Bacitracin sensitivity tests to differentiate amongst the Streptococcus species. 4. Differentiate amongst the Staphylococcus species based upon results from the coagulase and Novobiocin sensitivity test

1. Define parasitism and differentiate from other relationships between living organisms. 2. Know terms used to describe parasitic organisms and their life cycles, and their hosts. 3. Appreciate the prevalence of parasitic diseases worldwide, and the manner by which diseases occur in non-endemic countries. 4. Describe the classification scheme of parasitic organisms. 5. Enumerate the common portals of entry and mechanisms of transmission. 6. Know the pathological mechanisms of parasitic