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Oliver Woodroffe
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[A] 1.15 Spread of the pathological processes in the organism. Septicaemia, sepsis, bacteriaemia
Infectious agents are found 1,
List the types of infectious agent 2,
Infection 3
33
cards
[A] 1.17 Local hyperaemia
Hyperaemia 1,
Regulation of circulation is by 2,
Terminal circulatory bed 3
25
cards
[A] 1.18 Local oligaemia (ischaemia)
Ischaemia 1,
Physiological ischaemia 2,
Pathological ischaemia 3
23
cards
[A] 1.19 Hemostasis, shock
Haemostasis 1,
Purpose of physiological haemosta...,
Disruption of the balance of 3
30
cards
[A] 1.20 Haemorrhage
Define haemorrhage 1,
Define thrombosis embolism 2,
List the disorders of coagulation...
24
cards
[A] 1.21 Thrombosis
Define thrombosis 1,
Factors predisposing to thrombosis 2,
Alterations in the vascular endot...
22
cards
[A] 1.22 Embolism
Define embolus 1,
Embolism causes 2,
Embolism direction of travel 3
11
cards
[A] 1.38 Necrosis & Apoptosis
Give the forms of necrosis 1,
Necrosis 2,
Responses of cells to injury is d...
36
cards
[A] 1.41 About the regeneration in general, removal of the necrotic tissues
Healing of tissue lesions 1,
Regeneration 2,
Removal of cells and tissues 3
11
cards
[A] 1.43 Organisation, demarcation
Direct forms of repair 1,
Hypotypia 2,
Heteromorphosis 3
11
cards
[A] 1.44 Regeneration of epithelial tissue
List the locations of epithelial ...,
Regeneration of the skin when onl...,
Regeneration of the skin when str...
11
cards
[A] 1.45 Regeneration of muscle and neural tissue
Complete regeneration of muscle t...,
Regeneration of muscle tissue com...,
Striated muscle regeneration with...
6
cards
[A] 1.46 Regeneration of connective tissue and blood vessels. Wound healing
Which connective tissues can be r...,
Regeneration of fibrous connectiv...,
Angiofibroblast tissue 3
26
cards
[A] 1.50 Vascular changes and exudation in the acute inflammation
Infectious inflammation caused by 1,
Non infectious inflammation cause...,
Acute inflammation aim 3
31
cards
[A] 1.52 Proliferative processes during inflammation.
Fibrosis 1,
Angiogenesis physiological pathol...,
Give the most important factors i...
7
cards
[A] 1.51 Infiltrative processes during acute inflammation
Cellular infiltration 1,
Chemotaxis 2,
Exogenous chemoattractants 3
22
cards
[A] 1.59 Tuberculum. Predominantly exudative and predominantly proliferative tuberculosis
During tuberculosis infection whi...,
Tuberculosis phylum order suborde...,
Mycobacterium bovis affects which...
29
cards
[A] 1.53 Serous, catarrhal, haemorrhagic and ichorous inflammation
Serous inflammation overview 1,
Serous inflammation contents 2,
Serous inflammation localisation 3
25
cards
[A] 1.54 Suppurative inflammation
Suppurative 1,
Suppurative purulent inflammation...,
Suppurative purulent inflammation...
16
cards
[A] 1.55 Fibrinous inflammation
Fibrinous inflammation overview 1,
Fibrinous inflammation special st...,
Fibrinous inflammation appearance 3
18
cards
[A] 1.60 Factors influencing the character of tuberculosis
Give the three forms of tb 1,
The form of tb is dependent on 2,
Media 3
11
cards
[A] 1.61 General pathogenesis of tuberculosis
The stages during tb were describ...,
Give the stages of pathogenesis o...,
Media 3
37
cards
[A] 1.70 The general macro- and microscopic morphology of tumors. The increase in volume of tumor cells and tumoral proliferations
Macroscopic morphology overview 1,
Macroscopic morphology forms 2,
Macroscopic form type 3
33
cards
[A] 1.71 Tumor-induced angiogenesis (capillary incorporation, budding of endothelial cells)
Neoangiogenesis overview 1,
Neovascularisation 2,
Vasculogenesis 3
8
cards
[A] 1.74 The tumor-organism relationship (tumor progression, heterogeneity, metabolism of tumor cells, cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome, paraneoplasia, tumor immunity)
Tumour progression 1,
Tumour heterogeneity hypothesis 2,
Tumour heterogeneity 3
23
cards
[A] 1.75 Metastasis
What is metastasis 1,
Metastasis overview 2,
Give the classifications of metas...
24
cards
[A] 1.72 Carcinogenesis (chemical and physical agents)
Carcinogenesis oncogenesis overvi...,
It is hypothesised in carcinogene...,
Give the steps of carcinogenesis 3
25
cards
[A] 1.73 Carcinogenesis (biological agents)
Biological carcinogens fungi 1,
Biological carcinogens plants 2,
Biological carcinogens oncogenic ...
9
cards
[A] 1.83 Rules of collecting and sending specimens for pathological and for other supplementary examinations
Sending specimens for supplementa...,
Sending specimens for supplementa...,
Packing of specimens 3
5
cards
[B] 1.6 High temperature as cause of disease
High temperature as a cause of a ...,
What influences the degree of a b...,
Inhalation burns 3
23
cards
[B] 1.7 Low temperature as a cause of disease
Effects of low temperature 1,
Give the degrees of frostbite 2,
Apart from at freezing point when...
8
cards
[B] 1.9 Inadequate oxygen and water supply
List the inadequate oxygen supply...,
Suffocation 2,
Hypoxaemia 3
12
cards
[B] 1.10 Inadequate nutrient supply. Starvation.
Total starvation 1,
Partial starvation malnutrition 2,
Obesity overfeeding 3
9
cards
[B] 1.11 Autointoxication
Autotoxication aka 1,
Define autointoxication 2,
Causes of autointoxication 3
46
cards
[B] 1.13 Infectious agents/Bacteria, viruses and fungi as causes of disease
Infection 1,
Invasiveness 2,
Infectious pathogens examples 3
22
cards
[B] 1.23 Disturbances in water balance of the organism (Edema)
Oedema 1,
Regulators of water balance 2,
Regulators of water balance nervo...
18
cards
[B] 1.14 Pathological aspects of immunology
The 2 types of immune response 1,
Characteristics of innate immunity 2,
Characteristics of adaptive immun...
23
cards
[B] 1.24 Disturbances in water balance of cells
Cellular disturbances in the wate...,
What is shown 3,
Cellular disturbances in the wate...
7
cards
[B] 1.25 Disturbances in fat metabolism
Fat substances affected by water ...,
Simple fats lipids examples 2,
Compound fats lipoids examples 3
19
cards
[B] 1.26 Disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism
Examples of disturbances of carbo...,
Glycogen detection in tissues 2,
Glycogen detection in tissues fix...
15
cards
[B] 1.28 Disturbances in keratinization
Cytoplasmic filaments 1,
Keratohyalin granula 2,
Odland s granules 3
21
cards
[B] 1.29 Uricosis (Gout)
Uricosis 1,
Uricosis is seen in which animals 2,
Give the excretory metabolism of ...
14
cards
[B] 1.31 Amyloidosis
Etymology amyloid 1,
Give the two main groups of amylo...,
Morphology of an amyloid protein 3
21
cards
[B] 1.40 Pathological calcification
Physiological calcification 1,
Pathological calcification 2,
Pathological calcification appear...
10
cards
[B] 1.48 Atrophy
Atrophy define 1,
Atrophy related terms 2,
Give the forms of atrophy 3
13
cards
[B] 1.62 Actinobacillosis, actinomycosis
Bacteriology of actinomyces bovis 1,
A bovis location and route of ent...,
A bovis from the point of infecti...
28
cards
[B] 1.65 Disturbances in cell division
Stages of mitosis 1,
Normal mitosis causes 2,
Causes of normal mitosis growth f...
25
cards
[B] 1.68 Definition of tumor (oncogenes, tumorsuppressor genes)
Definition of tumour 1,
There will always be damage durin...,
Neoplasia cannot be avoided if 3
28
cards
[B] 1.69 Terminology and classification of tumors (beningn, semimalignant tumors, in situ carcinoma, malignant tumors, preneoplastic changes, tumor-like lesions)
Clinicopathologic groups 1,
Neoplasia types 2,
Benign neoplasia are usually call...
29
cards
[B] 1.76 Benign mesenchymal tumors
Most neoplasms originate from 1,
Identification of tissue 2,
Immunohistochemistry how it works 3
13
cards
[B] 1.77 Malignant mesenchymal tumors
Give the malignant tumours of con...,
Feline injection site sarcoma fiss 2,
Malignant osteosarcoma 3
4
cards
[B] 1.78 Melanocytic tumors, the important tumors of nervous tissue. Mixed tumors
Melanocytic tumours 1,
Melanocytoma 2,
Melanoma 3
18
cards
[B] 1.79 Benign epithelial tumors
Tumours of the epidermis 1,
Congenital papilloma is seen in w...,
Oncogenic papillomavirus 3
8
cards
[B] 1.80 Malignant epithelial tumors
Adenocarcinoma 1,
Multicentric in situ carcinoma 2,
Multicentric in situ carcinoma ma...
15
cards
[B] 1.81 Tumors of vascular tissues (blood and lymph vessels)
Tumours of vascular tissues class...,
Benign angiomas 2,
Malignant angiosarcomas 3
9
cards
[B] 1.82 Hemolymphatic tumors in mammals
Haemolymphatic tumours 1,
Lymphoid tumours in lymphoid tiss...,
Lymphoid tumours bone marrow sple...
21
cards
[B] 1.84 Basic principles and technique of histopathological examinations. Light microscopy.
Conditions of the sample for hist...,
Fixing of tissue can be in 2
2
cards
[C] 1.5 Traumas and their consequences
Forms of trauma 1,
Causes of trauma 2,
Consequences of trauma are depend...
11
cards
[C] 1.1 Objective, task and investigation methods of pathology
The study of pathology is defined...,
Latin etymology of pathology 2,
Sciences consisting withing the f...
19
cards
[C] 1.2 Disease
A defect may be normal and not 1,
Functional changes of a disease a...,
Diseases can be categorised in to 3
13
cards
[C] 1.3 Death
Latin mors 1,
Death can be either 2,
Atria mortis 3
7
cards
[C] 1.4 Postmortem changes
Cooling off 1,
Cooling off is dependent on 2,
Causes of increased postmortem te...
32
cards
[C] 1.8 Irradiations and electricity as cause of disease
Electricity as a cause of disease 1,
Give the influencing factors of e...,
As voltage increases 3
32
cards
[C] 1.12 Internal Conditions of development of diseases
Predisposition to a disease facto...,
Predisposition and resistance are...,
Constitutional characteristics he...
15
cards
[C] 1.16 Degenerative changes of cells and tissues
Cell injury was defined by 1,
Mechanisms of cell injury general...,
Cellular injury results from func...
21
cards
[C] 1.27 Pathological mucus production and pathological changes in the mucosubstance
Mucus 1,
Give the types of mucus 2,
Pseudomucus 3
11
cards
[C] 1.30 Hyalinosis, fibrinoid necrosis
Hyalinosis 1,
Physiological hyalinosis 2,
Pathological hyalinosis 3
21
cards
[C] 1.32 Pathologic pigmentation caused by hemoglobin and haemosiderin
Haemolysis 1,
Give the causes of haemolysis 2,
Hemosiderin 3
6
cards
[C] 1.33 Pathologic pigmentation caused by hematoidin, and bilirubin
Hematoidin 1,
Bilirubin 2,
Jaundice icterus summarise staini...
7
cards
[C] 1.34. Pathologic pigmentation caused by porphyrins
Porphyrin 1,
Porphyrin as a component of hb 2,
Where is porphyrin synthesised 3
6
cards
[C] 1.35 Pathologic pigmentation caused by melanin, lipofuscin, and ceroid
Melanin lipofuscin and ceroid are...,
Melanin chemistry 2,
Melanin is produced by 3
25
cards
[C] 1.36 Exogenous pigments
Give the exogenous pigment types 1,
Anthroacosis 2,
Pneumoconiosis 3
20
cards
[C] 1.37 Concretions (lithiasis) and pseudoconcretions
Lithiasis calculus formation sour...,
Reasons for precipitation 2,
Microlith composition 3
24
cards
[C] 1.39 Gangrene
Summarise gangrene 1,
Gangraena sicca 2,
Gangrena humida 3
8
cards
[C] 1.42 Proliferative changes during regeneration. Fibrosis, elastosis, fibroelastosis, reticulosis, cirrhosis
Reaction from the organism 1,
Mitotic activity of difference ce...,
Cellular proliferative changes in...
27
cards
[C] 1.47 Metaplasia, pseudomateplasia
Define metaplasia 1,
Metaplasia is only possible on wh...,
Give the forms of metaplasia 3
9
cards
[C] 1.49 Accomodation (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, transformatio)
Accommodation overview 1,
Accommodation types 2,
Hypertrophy 3
17
cards
[C] 1.56 Inflammation in organs without blood vessels. The inflammation-organism relationship
Give the organs without blood ves...,
Summarise inflammation in organs ...,
Inflammation of the cornea 3
27
cards
[C] 1.57 Necrotizing and proliferative inflammation
Alternative necrotising inflammat...,
Alternative necrotising inflammat...,
Alternative necrotising inflammat...
7
cards
[C] 1.58 General characteristics of the granuloma formation
What are granulomatous lesions 1,
Granuloma formation overview 2,
Granuloma formation causes 3
20
cards
[C] 1.63 Granulomas caused by fungi
List the diseases caused by micro...,
Give the groups of microscopical ...,
Blastomyces 3
28
cards
[C] 1.64 Granulomas caused by chemicals and other granulomas
Endogenous chemical substances ca...,
Exogenous chemical substances cau...,
What type of granuloma is normall...
10
cards
[C] 1.66 Causes of developmental anomalies (formal and causal genesis)
Developmental anomaly congenital ...,
Developmental anomaly physical an...,
Major steps of morphogenesis 3
13
cards
[C] 1.67 Main forms of developmental anomalies
Groups of the developmental anoma...,
Groups of the developmental anoma...,
Agenesia 3
28
cards
[C] 1.85 Professional and formal aspects of writing a post mortem report
Formal aspects of a pm report inc...,
Formal aspects introduction 2,
Formal aspects description of the...
5
cards
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Pathology A - General Pathology
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