Philosophy

This class was created by Brainscape user Lucy Marray.

By:
Lucy Marray
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Decks in this class (143)

0.6 Intro: Common fallacies & biases
What is a fallacy 1,
What is a non sequitur 2,
Explain the affirming the consequ...
11  cards
0.5 Intro: Inductive and deductive reasoning
What is a deductive argument with...,
What is an inductive argument wit...,
What is a valid argument 3
8  cards
0.9 Intro: Humes fork
What are matters of fact examples 1,
What are relations of ideas examp...,
What does matter of fact mean 3
10  cards
Epistemology: 1.1. Necessary & Sufficient conditions
What is acquaintance knowledge 1,
What is ability knowledge 2,
What is propositional knowledge 3
8  cards
Epistemology: 2.JTB
Who but forward the tripartite de...,
What is the jtb theory of knowled...
2  cards
Epistemology: 3.JTB Necessary for knowledge?
What is a counterexample for beli...,
Why is belief necessary 2,
What does zabzebski mean by cogni...
8  cards
Epistemology: 4/5 Gettier cases
Define a gettier style case 1,
What is the first gettier case 2,
What gap exists in the first gett...
8  cards
Epistemology: 6. No false lemmas responce
Outline the no false lemmas defin...,
What is a lemma in the context of...,
How does the gettier problem illu...
6  cards
Epistemology: 7. 'Dr Jones' Case Against No False Lemmas.
What is zagzebski s gettier case ...,
Do children and animals have know...,
Why does the dr jones case not ha...
5  cards
Epistemology: 8.Infallible True Belief
What assumption does gettier make...,
What does the justified true beli...,
What is infallibilism 3
10  cards
Epistemology: 9. Objections to Infallible True Belief
What is the logical error in the ...,
What are the two interpretations ...,
Why is c1b a stronger claim than ...
9  cards
Epistemology:12.Reliabilismas a Definition for Knowledge
What is the definition of a relia...,
What are the three conditions for...,
What are examples of reliable cog...
9  cards
Epistemology: 13.Goldman's Reliabilism
Can reliabilism fall prey to gett...,
Explain the fake barn county obje...,
What does goldman s response to f...
8  cards
Epistemology: 14.Nozick's Truth Tracking Reliabilism
Outline is nozick s truth trackin...,
How does truth tracking work in t...,
What happens if all barns in fake...
5  cards
Epistemology: 15.Virtue Epistemology as a Response to Gettier
Outline virtue epistemology 5 mar...,
What is a virtue 2,
What are the two types of virtue ...
11  cards
Epistemology: 16.Sos's virtue Reliabilism
What are the conditions for knowl...,
What is ernest sosa s objection o...,
What kind of knowledge does virtu...
16  cards
Epistemology: 17.Objections to Virtue Epistemology
How may uncertainty about whatit ...,
Can children and animals exercise...,
Explain the objection to zagzebsk...
6  cards
Epistemology: Innatism 1-2. Plato's Meno
What is innatism 1,
What type of knowledge does the d...,
Outline plato s meno 3
8  cards
Epistemology: Innatism 3. Lock's Tabula Rasa Theory
What is the primary difference be...,
What does locke mean by tabula ra...,
According to locke what are the t...
11  cards
Epistemology: Innatism 4. Leibniz' Veined Marble Theory
What is innate knowledge accoding...,
What example of a unconsious abst...,
Why does leibniz think innate kno...
10  cards
Epistemology: Innatism 5. Modern Day Innatism
What does peter carruthers argue ...,
At what age do babies begin to th...,
What is the modern perspective on...
9  cards
Epistemology: Innatism 06. Hume's Copy Principle
What are ideas accoding to locke 1,
What is sensation according to lo...,
What is reflection accoding to lo...
12  cards
Epistemology: I&D 01.Intuition & Deduction Thesis
What is intuition according to de...,
What is deduction according to de...,
What does the intuition deduction...
15  cards
Epistemology: I&D 02. Descartes' Clear & Distinct Ideas
Define clear in the context of de...,
Define distinct in the context of...,
Why can t the evil demon make a c...
8  cards
Epistemology:I&D 03. Descartes' Trademark Argument
What is the role of god in descar...,
What are the three possible sourc...,
Oultine the trademark argument 5 ...
6  cards
Epistemology:I&D 04. Descartes' Cosmological Argument
Outline the first part of the cos...,
Give the overall summarised cosmo...,
Wht are the main two objections t...
9  cards
Epistemology:I&D 05. Descartes Ontological Argument
What does descartes claim about t...,
What is hume s objection to desca...,
What must be true if god does not...
10  cards
Epistemology: I&D 06. Descartes' Proof of the External World
What does descartes need to show ...,
What is the wax argument 2,
What does the wax argument tell u...
8  cards
Epistemology: I&D 07. Evaluating Descarte
What is the main objectiosn to de...,
What are the main objections to t...,
What is the main issue for the co...
6  cards
Epistemology: Definitions
A posteriori 1,
A priori 2,
Ability knowledge 3
82  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 01. Empiricism vs Rationalism
What is the difference between de...,
What do empiricists argue about t...,
What do rationalists argue about ...
13  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 02. Direct Realism & Time Lag
How do realists differ from ideal...,
What is another term sometimes us...,
What is direct realism 3 marks 3
15  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 03. Illusion and Hallucination
What is the difference between th...,
What is an example of an illusion 2,
What does veridical mean 3
16  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 04. Perceptual Variation
What is the problem from perceptu...,
What example does russell provide...,
What does russell argue regarding...
12  cards
Epistemology: Percption-05. Indirect Realism and Sense Data
What does indirect realism claim 1,
What is sense data 3 marks 2,
Provide an example of sense data 3
10  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 06. Locke on Primary and Secondary Qualities
What are primary qualities 1,
What are secondary qualities 2,
What are simple ideas from percep...
13  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 07. Indirect Realism's Problem of Skepticism
What is the problem of skepticism...,
How does russell propose to addre...,
What is the external world as the...
11  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 08. Russell and Locke's Response to Skepticism
What are the two arguments locke ...,
What does locke s argument from m...,
Explain how locke s writing on pa...
9  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 09. Trotter-Cockburn on Skepticism
What is trotter cockburn s aim in...,
From what do ideas always stem ac...,
What example does trotter cockbur...
6  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 1. Berkeley's Master Argument
Define idealism according to 1,
Berkeley s quote about perception 2,
What are objects according to ber...
16  cards
Epistemology: Percption-02. Berkeley's Argument for God
What is the aim of berkeley s arg...,
What problem does idealism withou...,
What concerns arise from berkeley...
6  cards
Epistemology: Percption 03. Berkeley's Three Dialogues
How does berkeley s idealism reso...,
How does berkeley s idealism deal...,
How does berkeley s idealism addr...
8  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 04. Objections to Idealism
What is the implication of berkel...,
How does idealism explain illusio...,
What does berkeley say about misp...
13  cards
Epistemology: Percption- 05. Further Objections to Idealism
According to idealism where do id...,
What implications does the idea t...,
Explain the nature of divine perc...
6  cards
Epistemology: Limits 01. Scepticism
What is scepticism 1,
Explain the brain in the vat for ...,
What is local scepticism 3
5  cards
Epistemology: 02. Descartes's Skeptical arguement
How dose descartes deal with skep...,
Explain descart s method of doubt 2,
What dosed descartes remain uncer...
3  cards
Epistemology: 03.Descartes's sceptical argument continued
How dose descartes use god to bat...,
How does god deal with the evil d...,
How does descartes tackle dreaming 3
5  cards
Epistemology: limits 04. Responses to Scepticism Lock and Russell
What are the only kinds of knowle...,
What kind of things does lock thi...,
Give the back and forth of the se...
6  cards
Epistemology: Limits 05. Response to Scepticism, Berkeley & Reliabilism
How would berkeley respond to sce...,
How would berkeley respond to the...,
How the the sceptic respond to be...
7  cards
Moral: 1.0 Utilitarianism
What is the hedonist act of utili...,
What is hedonism 3 marks 2,
What is the principle of utility ...
14  cards
Moral: 1.2 Happiness. Pleasure & prefrence
What was mill s criticism of his ...,
Explain mill s higher and lower p...,
Define psychological hedonism 3
10  cards
Moral: Utilitarianism- 3. mill's proof
What are the two stages of mill s...,
How does mill establish that happ...,
How does moore object to stage 1 ...
7  cards
Moral: Utilitarianism 4. utilitarianism & calculation
What is the problem of calculatio...,
How can we defend bentham against...,
What are mill s secondary princip...
19  cards
Moral:Utilitarianism 5. Act Utilitarianism, Fairness, Rights
What is the tyranny of the majori...,
Explain the criticism that utilit...,
Define justice accoding to mill 3
12  cards
Moral: Utilitarianism: 6. utilitarianism, partiality, integrity
Define partiality 1,
Explain why utilitarianism has an...,
What example dose michael stocker...
13  cards
Moral: Utilitarianism 7. rule_utilitarianism
What is rule utilitarianism 1,
Explain how a rule utilitarian wo...,
What is smart s objection to rule...
4  cards
Moral: Kant 1. kant the good will duty
What does deon mean in greek 1,
What is deontology 3 marks 2,
Define will 3
18  cards
Moral: Kant- 2. kant's_categorical_imperative
What is a hypothetical imperative...,
What is a categorical imperative ...,
If you will choose or decide the ...
15  cards
Moral: Kant 3. kant's categorical imperative two objections
What are the two main objections ...,
Explain the objection that not al...,
How could kant respond to to stea...
14  cards
Moral: Kant 4. kantian_deontology_three_issues - Copy
What is the issue of clashing com...,
How may kant respond to the issue...,
List the main problems for kantia...
11  cards
Moral: Aristotle-1.Eudaimonia
What is virtue ethics 1,
What is good according to aristot...,
What is an end according to arist...
22  cards
Moral: Aristotle 2. virtue and the mean
What does the sole look like acco...,
What does aristotle think the sol...,
Give an example of a 3
13  cards
Moral: Aristotle 3. practical wisdom
What part of the soul does moral ...,
What is practical wisdom 2,
What are the main aspects of prac...
13  cards
Moral: Aristotle 4. pleasure
What is pleasure according to ari...,
What are some objections and resp...,
What is a disgraceful pleasure 3
10  cards
Moral: Aristotle 5. voluntary action, choice, responsibility
What are voluntary actions 1,
What is force in reference to vol...,
What 2 things render an action in...
13  cards
Moral: Aristotle 6+7. justice
What is justice the virtue accord...,
What is justice in the wide sense...,
What is justice as fairness 3
11  cards
Moral: Virtue 8. Evaluation
What are the main objections to v...,
Explain the objection regarding n...,
How may aristotle respond to the ...
17  cards
Meta: 1.Metaethics Intro
What is cognitivism 1,
What is non cognitivism 2,
What direction of fit are beliefs 3
9  cards
Meta: 02. Moral Realism
Are all cognitivists moral realis...,
What is moral realism 3 marks 2,
What does moral realism claims ab...
5  cards
Meta: 03.Moral Naturalism and Non-naturalism
What is moral nihilism 1,
Moral realsist are _______ but no...,
Define moral naturalism 3
13  cards
Meta: 04. Moore's Intuitionism and the open question argument
What is the aim of the open quest...,
How dose moor define moral proper...,
What is an open argument and what...
9  cards
Meta: 05. Hume's Fork and Hume on Motivation
What objection does hume s fork p...,
Outline hume s argument against m...,
Why does hume think p2 reason can...
4  cards
Meta: 07/6. Hume's Is-Ought Gap
What is the is ought gap 1,
Explain how the is ought gap atta...,
Explain how hume s fork presents ...
4  cards
Meta: 08. Verification, Relativity, Metaphysical and Epistemological 'Queerness'
Outline ayer s verification princ...,
What does analytic mean 2,
What does empirically verifiable ...
17  cards
Meta: 09 /10. Mackie's Error Theory
Outline mackie s objection to mor...,
Give the back and forth between m...,
Error theory is a form of ___ ___...
7  cards
Meta: 11. Emotivism
Explain moral anti realism 1,
What is subjectivsim 2,
Outline the emotivist view of mor...
9  cards
Meta: 12/13. Prescriptivism
What is prescriptivism 1,
What is hare s prescriptivism 2,
What does hare think about the te...
5  cards
Meta:14. Anti-Realism
Blank 1
1  cards
Meta: 15. Anti-Realism and Moral Nihilism
Blank 2
1  cards
Meta: 16. Metaethics and Applied Ethics
Blank 1
1  cards
Meta:17. Anti-Realism and Moral Progress
Blank 1
1  cards
Applied: Stealing
What is stealing 1
1  cards
Applied: Eating animals
What does aristotle s virtue ethi...
1  cards
Applied: telling lies
What is the definition of act uti...,
When can lying be considered mora...,
What is mill s view on the conseq...
27  cards
Applied: Simulated killing
What is the definition of simulat...
1  cards
Moral: Definitions
What is applied ethics 1,
Define arete 2,
What is the categorical imperative 3
70  cards
God: CON 1. Concepts of God
What does perfection entail regar...,
What does it mean for god to be o...,
What is the definition of omnipot...
25  cards
God: CON 2. Omniscience and Free Will
What is the central question rega...,
What is the difference between et...,
What does omniscience mean 3
19  cards
God: CON 3. The Paradox of The Stone
Why is omnipotence considered an ...,
If god can create a stone so heav...,
What does the paradox of the ston...
11  cards
God: CON 4. The Euthyphro Dilemma
What is the euthyphro dilemma 1,
Define omnibenevolence 2,
What is divine command theory 3
33  cards
God: ONTO 01. Anselm
Define ontological arguments 1,
What is the nature of ontological...,
What is anselm s definition of god 3
10  cards
God: ONTO 02. Gaunilo's Response to Anselm
Fill in the blank an argument tha...,
What significant difference did p...,
What is peter millican s objectio...
6  cards
God: ONTO 03. Descartes's Ontological Argument
What does descartes claim about c...,
What is the idea of god according...,
Define clear in the context of de...
10  cards
God: ONTO 04. Hume's Objection to Ontology
What is hume s fork 1,
True or false hume directly addre...,
What does hume argue regarding a ...
17  cards
God: 05. Kant's Objection to Ontological Arguments
According to hume what type of tr...,
Why does hume believe that god ex...,
What is the main argument against...
13  cards
God: ONTO 06. Malcolm's Response to Kant
What is the significance of neces...,
True or false malcolm believes th...,
What does malcolm argue about nec...
11  cards
God: ONTO 08. Plantinga's Ontological Argument
Define a possible world 1,
What is the distinction between n...,
Give an example of an impossible ...
8  cards
God: COS-01. Intro to Cosmology & Aquinas' First Way
What is a cosmological argument 3...,
What does causation refer to 2,
Define contingent 3
13  cards
God: COS- 02. Aquinas’s Second way & differences
What does aquinas second way focu...,
What are the two types of causes ...,
Explain aquinas s 2nd way 5 marks 3
7  cards
GOD: COS- 03. Lane Craigs Kalam
What is the kalam argument 3 marks 1,
Who popularized the kalam cosmolo...,
What does lane craig argue about ...
9  cards
God: COS- 04. Descartes Cosmological Argument
Explain how descartes argues for ...,
Give the second part of descarts ...,
What is one objection to descarte...
5  cards
GOD: COS- 05. Humes objection to Cosmological arguments
What does the causal principle st...,
Explain how hume s objection to t...,
What does hume suggest about the ...
9  cards
GOD: COS- 06. Aquinas’s third way contingency
What is hume s objection to cosmo...,
Define contingency in the context...,
Explain aquinas s 3rd way 5 marks 3
9  cards
GOD: COS- 07.Leibniz' Cosmological Arguments From Contingency
According to leibniz why is a nec...,
What does the principle of suffic...,
Differentiate between contingent ...
8  cards
GOD:08. COS-Russell's objections
Copleston s argument is based lar...,
Copleston uses himself as an exam...,
Russell s objections to necessary...
10  cards
God: DES- 01. Introducing Design Arguments and Hume's Objections to Design
What are design arguments 1,
What is an argument from analogy ...,
Outline hume s design argument fr...
9  cards
God: DES- 03. Paley’s Watchmaker Argument
Outline paley s teleological argu...,
Does paley use an argument from a...,
Why does paley reject hume s alte...
9  cards
God: DES- 04. Science and evolution
What is natural selection 1,
How might evolution be used to sh...,
Summarise dawkin s arguemnt again...
5  cards
God: DES- 05. Anthropic Principle Design Argument
What is the anthropic principle a...,
What is tennants strong anthropic...,
What are some of the fine tunings...
7  cards
God: DES- 06.Swinburne's Teleological Argument
What is spatial order 1,
What is temporal order 2,
Outline swinburne s design argume...
13  cards
God: DES- 07.Hume on is the designer God?
What alternatives to the traditio...,
How does swinburne respond to hum...
2  cards
God: Evil- 01.Moral & Natural evil
Define moral evil 1,
Define natural evil 2,
Outline the logical problem of ev...
10  cards
God: Evil-Logical Problem: Plantinga's Free Will Defence
Outline plantinga s free will def...,
How may plantinga s argument deal...,
Give some possible limitations of...
4  cards
God: Evil- 03.Midgley's Free Will Defence
What does midgle s argument attem...,
Summarise midgley s free will def...,
Does midgley mean when she says t...
4  cards
God: Evil- 04. Midgley Against Incompatibilism
Outline incompatibilism 1,
Explain why midgley thinks determ...,
Why does midgley disagree with in...
8  cards
God: Evil- 06. Evidential, Hick's veil of soul making
Outline hick s vale of soul makin...,
What are the three main objection...,
How does hick respond to animal s...
11  cards
GOD: LANG- 01.Cognitivism vs noncognitivism
What is the correspondence theory...,
What do we call propostion that e...,
What is meant by cognitivism abou...
6  cards
God: LANG- 02.A.J Ayer & Verificationism
Outline ayer s principle of verif...,
Define strong verification 2,
What are the main objects to stro...
8  cards
God: LANG- 03. Hick's Response to Verificationism
What would the implications of th...,
What does ayer specifically think...,
Outline the parble of the celesti...
6  cards
God: LANG- 04. Falsification Principle
What is the falsification princip...,
What are some issues for the fals...,
How may reducing the standard of ...
5  cards
God: LANG- 05. Flew on Falsification
Starter outline the parable of th...,
What does the believer in the gar...,
Flew s quote about falsification 3
7  cards
God: LANG- 06. R.M. Hare and bliks
Outline hare s parable of the par...,
Compar hare and flew on the relig...,
What is a blik 3
7  cards
God: LANG- 06.Mitchell's Parable of the Partisan and the Stranger
Outline the parable of the partis...,
What is mitchell s position on re...,
What are trials of faith accoding...
7  cards
God: LANG- 08.Wittgenstein Fideism
Explain wittgenstein and language...,
What is the diffrence btween surf...,
What are wittgenstein s view s on...
4  cards
Mind:01 -02. Introduction to Metaphysics of Mind.
What is the mind body problem 3 m...,
What are examples of mental states 2,
What is the hard problem of consc...
28  cards
Mind:03. Descartes' indivisibility argument
Substance is the ________ of prop...,
The mind body problem is the prob...,
Phenomenal consciousness is a for...
25  cards
Mind 04. Descartes' conceivability argument
What is the essential property of...,
Does descartes think that mind ca...,
If two things have the same prope...
18  cards
Mind: 05. The Problem of Other Minds
Why is it so difficult to determi...,
Why is the problem of other minds...,
What does the argument from analo...
18  cards
Mind: 06. Substance Dualism: Interaction
The problem of mental causation a...,
What are the two problems for int...,
What conceptual interaction probl...
20  cards
Mind: 07. Physicalism
What is physicalism 3 marks 1,
What are the 3 key claims of phys...,
Using the 3 key claims explain wh...
11  cards
Mind: 08. Mind Brain Type Identity Theory
Dependent but distinct describes ...,
What is the mind brain type ident...,
What is a state type 3
33  cards
Mind: 09. Eliminative Materialism
What is eliminative materialism 1,
Eliminative materialism endorses ...,
What is folk psychology 3
21  cards
Mind:10.Eliminative Materialism: Objections
Why is eliminative materialism co...,
The argument for em is a series o...,
What is the condition of intellig...
18  cards
Mind: 11. Hempel’s Hard Behaviourism
What is philosophical behaviourism 1,
What is hempel s hard behaviouris...,
What is the verification principl...
15  cards
Mind: 12. Ryle’s Soft Behaviourism
What is ryle s soft behaviourism ...,
What is a category mistake 3 marks 2,
What is a behavioural disposition...
28  cards
Mind: 13-14. Philosophical Behaviourism: Objections
What is the multiple realisabilit...,
Oultine the multiple realisablity...,
Is incomplete translation a probl...
32  cards
Mind: 15. Functionalism
What is functionalism 1,
What is a function 2,
What is a mental state according ...
11  cards
Mind: 16. Functionalism & Qualia: Objections
What is the inverted qualia objec...,
Explain how two people seeing a g...,
What does te inverted qualia obje...
18  cards
Mind: 17. Property Dualism
Define property dualism 1,
What is property dualism 5 marks 2,
Explain how substance dualism and...
12  cards
Mind: 18. The Knowledge Argument
Who comes up with the knowldge ar...,
Explain mary s situtation in the ...,
What does frank jackson think she...
16  cards
Mind: 18. The Zombie Argument
What are the 3 kinds of possiblity 1,
What is physical possibility 2,
What is logical possibly 3
15  cards
Mind: 20. The Zombie Argument Responses
What are the three main physicali...,
Explain the physicalist objection...,
How would the substance dualist r...
12  cards
Mind: 21. Property Dualism Objections
What is interactionist property d...,
What is the problem of causal ove...,
What is epiphenomenalist property...
13  cards

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