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1
Q

Define geography.

A

The study of the Earth’s landscapes, environments, and the relationships between people and their environments.

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2
Q

What is human geography?

A

A branch of geography that focuses on the spatial aspects of human existence.

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3
Q

True or false: Physical geography studies human activities.

A

FALSE

Physical geography focuses on natural environments, such as landforms and ecosystems.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: Cartography is the science of _______.

A

map-making.

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5
Q

What does GIS stand for?

A

Geographic Information System.

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6
Q

Define sustainability.

A

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising future generations’ ability to meet their own needs.

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7
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.

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8
Q

True or false: Urbanization leads to increased population density in cities.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: Climate refers to the long-term average of _______.

A

weather conditions.

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10
Q

What is a biome?

A

A large ecological area on Earth with distinct flora and fauna.

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11
Q

Define demography.

A

The statistical study of populations, including the structure, distribution, and trends.

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12
Q

What is a natural resource?

A

Materials or substances occurring in nature that can be exploited for economic gain.

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13
Q

True or false: Renewable resources can be replenished naturally.

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: Urban heat islands are areas that experience _______ temperatures than surrounding areas.

A

higher

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15
Q

What is globalization?

A

The process by which businesses develop international influence or operate on an international scale.

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16
Q

Define topography.

A

The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area.

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17
Q

What is agriculture?

A

The practice of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals for food.

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18
Q

True or false: Desertification is the process of fertile land becoming desert.

A

TRUE

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19
Q

Fill in the blank: Biodiversity refers to the variety of _______ in a given ecosystem.

A

life forms

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20
Q

What is urban planning?

A

The process of designing and regulating land use in urban areas.

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21
Q

Define climate change.

A

Long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place.

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22
Q

What is a floodplain?

A

An area of land adjacent to a river that is subject to flooding.

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23
Q

True or false: Tectonic plates are rigid segments of the Earth’s lithosphere.

A

TRUE

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: Erosion is the process of _______ material from one location to another.

A

wearing away

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25
What is **deforestation**?
The clearing of trees from forested areas, often resulting in damage to the quality of the land.
26
Define **urban sprawl**.
The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding rural land.
27
What is a **watershed**?
An area of land that drains rainwater into a common waterway.
28
True or false: **Glaciers** are large masses of moving ice.
TRUE
29
Fill in the blank: **Soil** is composed of minerals, organic matter, water, and _______.
air
30
What is **population density**?
The number of people living per unit of area, typically per square kilometer.
31
Define **infrastructure**.
The basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society.
32
What is **land use planning**?
The process of evaluating how land can be used to meet community needs.
33
True or false: **Sustainable development** aims to balance economic growth with environmental protection.
TRUE
34
Fill in the blank: **Pollution** is the introduction of harmful substances into the _______.
environment
35
What is a **natural disaster**?
A catastrophic event caused by natural processes of the Earth.
36
Define **urban ecosystem**.
An ecosystem that is located within a city or urban area.
37
What is **land reclamation**?
The process of creating new land from oceans, riverbeds, or lake beds.
38
True or false: **Overfishing** depletes fish populations faster than they can reproduce.
TRUE
39
Fill in the blank: **Zoning laws** regulate how land can be _______.
used
40
What is **climate adaptation**?
Adjusting practices, processes, and structures to minimize damage from climate change.
41
Define **socioeconomic status**.
An individual's or group's social and economic position in relation to others.
42
What is **rural-urban migration**?
The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas.
43
True or false: **Wetlands** are areas where water covers the soil for part of the year.
TRUE
44
Fill in the blank: **Silt** is a type of soil that is _______ than sand but coarser than clay.
finer
45
What is **land degradation**?
The decline in the quality of land due to human activities or natural processes.
46
Define **cultural geography**.
The study of cultural products, norms, and practices and their spatial distribution.
47
What is **resource management**?
The efficient and sustainable use of resources to meet human needs.
48
True or false: **Biodiversity hotspots** are regions with significant levels of endemic species.
TRUE
49
Fill in the blank: **Climate zones** are classified based on temperature and _______.
precipitation
50
What is **urban renewal**?
The redevelopment of urban areas to improve infrastructure and living conditions.
51
Define **environmental impact assessment**.
A process to evaluate the potential environmental effects of a proposed project.
52
What is **sustainable agriculture**?
Farming practices that meet current food needs without compromising future generations.
53
True or false: **Climate refugees** are people displaced due to climate change effects.
TRUE
54
Fill in the blank: **Greenhouse gases** trap heat in the _______.
atmosphere
55
What is **land use conflict**?
Disputes arising from competing demands for land resources.
56
Define **urban ecology**.
The study of the relationships between living organisms and their urban environment.
57
What is **socio-environmental justice**?
The fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens among all social groups.
58
True or false: **Air quality** refers to the cleanliness of the air we breathe.
TRUE
59
Fill in the blank: **Habitat loss** is primarily caused by _______ and urban development.
deforestation
60
What is **climate mitigation**?
Efforts to reduce or prevent the emission of greenhouse gases.
61
Define **environmental sustainability**.
The responsible interaction with the environment to avoid depletion of natural resources.
62
What is **land tenure**?
The legal regime in which land is owned or occupied.
63
True or false: **Carbon footprint** measures the total greenhouse gases emitted by an individual.
TRUE
64
Fill in the blank: **Ecosystem services** are benefits provided by _______ to humans.
ecosystems
65
What is **urban agriculture**?
Growing food in urban areas, often in small spaces.
66
Define **land use planning**.
The process of managing how land is developed and used.
67
What is **climate resilience**?
The ability to anticipate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous events related to climate change.
68
True or false: **Waste management** is the collection, transport, and disposal of waste.
TRUE
69
Fill in the blank: **Sustainable transport** aims to reduce _______ emissions.
carbon
70
What is **environmental policy**?
A course of action taken by governments to manage environmental issues.
71
Define **land use change**.
The alteration of land from one use to another, such as agriculture to urban.
72
What is **climate action**?
Efforts to combat climate change and its impacts.
73
True or false: **Waste recycling** reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills.
TRUE
74
Fill in the blank: **Natural hazards** include earthquakes, floods, and _______.
hurricanes
75
What is **land conservation**?
The practice of protecting natural resources and managing land sustainably.
76
Define **urban sustainability**.
The ability of urban areas to maintain ecological balance while providing for residents.
77
What is **environmental degradation**?
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources.
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