1

Question 1

jaundice

Answer 1

ictertic

Question 2

pruritis

Answer 2

itching

Question 3

LPN

Answer 3

licensed practical nurse

Question 4

auscultation

Answer 4

سمع

Question 5

alpha anti trypsin rises in:

Answer 5

inflammation

Question 6

tactile fremitus

Answer 6

the vibration felt by the clinician’s hand resting on the chest wall of a patient who is speaking or singing.
it is palpated by noting presence of subcutaneous emphysema. felt as air pockets under the skin

Question 7

crepitus

Answer 7

a grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone

Question 8

Serosanguineous

Answer 8

contains or relates to both blood and the liquid part of blood (serum). It usually refers to fluids collected from or leaving the body. For example, fluid leaving a wound that is serosanguineous is yellowish with small amounts of blood.

Question 9

anorexia

Answer 9

بی اشتهایی

Question 10

malaise

Answer 10

ناخوشی

Question 11

tranquilliser

Answer 11

sedative

Question 13

purpura
petechiae
erythema
papules

Answer 13

Purpura are purple rashes caused by blood leaking under the skin.
Petechiac are pinpoint red discolorations. Erythema is a redness of the skin and papules are raised red lesions.

Question 14

Schilling test

Answer 14

The Schilling test is performed to evaluate vitamin B12 absorption. B12 helps in the formation of red blood cells, the maintenance of the central nervous system, and is important for metabolism. Normally, ingested vitamin B12 combines with intrinsic factor, which is produced by cells in the stomach.
an excretion less than 10% in 24 hours indicates pernicious anemia

Question 15

pernicious anemia

Answer 15

Addison’s anaemia
Pernicious anemia is a disease where not enough red blood cells are produced due to a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂. Those affected often have a gradual onset. The most common initial symptoms are feeling tired and weak

Question 16

ambulation

Answer 16

walk

Question 17

cheilosis
Angular cheilitis

Answer 17

cracks at the corner of the mouth

Question 18

pica

Answer 18

Pica is an eating disorder in which a person eats things not usually considered food. Young kids often put non-food items (like grass or toys) in their mouths because they’re curious about the world around them.

Question 19

Iodine contrast agents

Answer 19

Iodine contrast agents are used for the following:
Contrast CTs
Angiography
Myelography
Venography
VCUG (voiding cystourethrography)
HSG (hysterosalpingogram)
IVU (intravenous urography)

Question 21

cryptorchidism

Answer 21

cryptorchidism | krp’to:kıdız(a)m |
noun [mass noun] Medicine
a condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum.

Question 22

epididymitis

Answer 22

Epididymitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the epididymis, a curved structure at the back of the testicle. Onset of pain is typically over a day or two. The pain may improve with raising the testicle.

Question 23

metrorrhagia

Answer 23

لکه‌بینی

Question 24

Endometriosis

Answer 24

Endometriosis is a disease in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows elsewhere in the body

Endometritis is a condition that causes inflammation to the lining of your uterus

Question 25

incest

Answer 25

زنای با محارم

Question 26

prodromal

Answer 26

First comes the incubation نهفتگی period, where a person does not yet feel ill. Second comes the prodromal stage, where mild symptoms start to appear. Third comes the period of illness,

Question 27

cranberry

Answer 27

زغال اخته اسیدیته ادرار را بالا میبرد

Question 28

cauliflower

Answer 28

گل‌کلم genital warts differs from herpes (blisters)

Question 29

gonorrhoea

Answer 29

سوزاک dysuria, serous, milky or purulent چرکی urethral discharge pain sterility

Question 31

peristalsis

Answer 31

حرکات دودی روده

Question 32

What does **Dysuria** mean?

Answer 32

Pain while urinating ## Footnote Dysuria is a common symptom associated with urinary tract infections.

Question 33

What is **Enuresis**?

Answer 33

Involuntary voiding during sleep ## Footnote Enuresis is commonly known as bedwetting, especially in children.

Question 34

What are the **causes of right bundle branch block**?

Answer 34

* Normal variant * Primary right ventricular disease (rare) * Right ventricular cardiomyopathies * Congenital heart disease * Atrial septal defect * Secondary causes (more common) * Pulmonary embolism * Chronic pulmonary disease ## Footnote Conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis are common secondary causes.

Question 35

What are the **causes of left bundle branch block**?

Answer 35

* Systemic hypertension * Cardiomyopathy * Aortic stenosis * Ischaemic heart disease * Idiopathic conduction system fibrosis ## Footnote These conditions can lead to disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction.

Question 36

In LBBB, the QRS complex looks like a **______** in V1 and an **______** wave in V6.

Answer 36

W; M ## Footnote This pattern helps in identifying LBBB on an electrocardiogram (ECG).

Question 37

In RBBB, the QRS complex looks like an **______** wave in V1 and a **______** wave in V6.

Answer 37

M; W ## Footnote This pattern assists in diagnosing RBBB on an electrocardiogram (ECG).

Question 38

cholinergic crisis

Answer 38

Cholinergic crisis is caused by overmedication with cholinergic medications. Symptoms will include excessive sweating, bradycardia, severe muscle weakness, cramps, and salivations ترشح بزاق.

Question 39

The stages of Alzheimer's disease

Answer 39

EARLY STAGE 2-4 years in duration • Has problems coming up with the right word or name • Can't remember names when introduced to new people • Has problems performing tasks in work or social settings • Forgets material they have just read • Loses or misplaces valuable objects • Has increasing trouble with planning or organizing • Requires more mental energy to process information • Prefers familiar people, places and objects MIDDLE STAGE 2-10 years in duration • Forgets events or their own personal history • Is unable to recall their own address or phone number • Is confused about where they are or what day it is • Needs help choosing proper clothing • Has trouble controlling bladder and bowels (in some individuals • Develops changes in sleep patterns and appetite • Wanders or becomes lost • Exhibits personality or behavior changes, including suspiciousness and delusions or compulsive, repetitive behavior like hand-wringing or tissue shredding LATE STAGE 2-3 years in duration • Needs round-the-clock assistance with daily activities and personal care • No longer recognizes family members • Loses awareness of recent experiences and of their surroundings • Has increasing difficulty communicating • Experiences changes in physical abilities, including the ability to walk, sit and, eventually, swallow • Loses bowel/bladder control • Becomes vulnerable to infections, especially premonia

Question 40

Chvostek sign

Answer 40

What is the Chvostek sign? Chvostek sign is a clinical finding associated with hypocalcemia, or low levels of calcium in the blood. This clinical sign refers to a twitch of the facial muscles that occurs when gently tapping an individual's cheek, just in front of the ear.

Question 41

Trousseau’s sign

Answer 41

Trousseau’s sign A sign of hypocalcemia. Carpal spasm can be elicited by compressing the brachial artery with a blood pressure cuff for 3 minutes.

Question 42

thyroid storm Post thyroidectomy

Answer 42

Symptoms of thyroid storm include: Feeling extremely irritable or grumpy. High systolic blood pressure , low diastolic blood pressure , and fast heartbeat. Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. High fever. Shock and delirium . Feeling confused. Feeling sleepy. Yellow skin or eyes.

Question 43

Antipyretic

Answer 43

تب‌بر

Question 45

Otic route

Answer 45

Through the Ear

Question 46

Stage of Labour

Answer 46

First Stage of Labour - Dilatation Stage Duration: 12-14 hours Multigravida: 6-Il hours • From onet of true labour pairs do complete dilatation (10 cm) • Latent phase (0-3 cml) • active phase (4-7 cm) • Transition phase 8-10 cm Second Stage of Labour - Expulsion Stage Duration, 45-90 minutes Multigranda: 30-45 min Frum complete cervical dilatacion (10 cmi to delivery of baby •descent . Crowning • Birth of baby Third Stage of Labour - Placental Stage Duration: 5-30 minutes From def viry of baby tu expulsion of placenta and membranes • Placental separation • expulsion of placenta

Question 47

HELLP

Answer 47

(Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets) syndrome is a life-threatening pregnancy complication usually considered to be a variant of preeclampsia. Both conditions usually occur during the later stages of pregnancy, or soon after childbirth.

Question 48

The Leopold maneuvers

Answer 48

are a systematic method of abdominal palpation used to assess fetal position, presentation, and engagement during the third trimester of pregnancy

Question 49

syndactyly

Answer 49

Finger or toes wholly of partly united

Question 50

Parity

Answer 50

Equality The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome. B. Nullipara C. Multipara D. Primipar

Question 51

GRAVIDITY

Answer 51

refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.

Question 52

Homan sign

Answer 52

Homans sign is defined as discomfort in the calf muscles upon forced dorsiflexion of the foot with the knee straight, historically used as an indicator of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), although it lacks sensitivity and specificity for this condition.

Question 53

Which of the following vaccines aren’t safe to administer to pregnant women

Answer 53

live agents MMR: Measles Mumps Rubella and Varicella

Question 54

pudendal

Answer 54

Perineum

Question 55

placenta previa

Answer 55

placenta completely or partially covers the opening of the uterus Total B. Partial C. Marginal

Question 56

veracity

Answer 56

truthfulness

Question 57

the 6C

Answer 57

care competence compassion communication courage commitment

Question 58

the waterlow score

Answer 58

The Waterlow score (or Waterlow scale) gives an estimated risk for the development of a pressure sore in a given patient. The tool was developed in 1985 by clinical nurse teacher Judy Waterlow. It is available both on a two-sided score card and on an app. Build / Weight for Height, which takes into account the patient’s Body Mass Index (BMI), scored from 0-3. Skin Type / Visual Risk Areas scored from 0-3. Dry, oedematous or clammy skin gets damaged more easily. Discolouration or spots are warnings of pressure damage already occurring. Sex / Age. There is a higher incidence of bedsores in women, possibly related to the shape of the pelvis. A male would be assigned 1 point, while a female 2. The risk of skin damage also increases with age due to losing elasticity and plumpness. Age groups get scored from 1-5. Continence. Incontinence brings excess moisture to the skin, causing softening and erosion of the epidermis. Scores range from 0 to 3 (double incontinence). Mobility evaluates the ability to move and the level of restlessness. The patient score can range from fully mobile with no restrictions (0 points) to permanently chair bound (5 points). The Malnutrition Score takes into account recent weight loss and the severity of weight reduction, scored from 0-4. Poor nutrition affects skin elasticity and subcutaneous tissue, making it more prone to damage. Special Risks. Point values are assigned based on specific or temporary conditions. A smoker will receive an additional point, while patients with multiple organ failure would get 8 points. Low to medium risk: a score of 10-14 High risk: a score of 15-19 Very high risk: 20+ points

Question 60

MEW modified early warning system

Answer 60

physiological vital signs

Question 61

acronym MUST

Answer 61

Malnutrition Universal Scoring To o l 0-6 Bmi Weight loss Illness

Question 63

Antecubictal

Answer 63

the space inside the crook of the elbow.

Question 64

PICC

Answer 64

Peripherally inserted central catheter

Question 65

Crystalloid

Answer 65

A solution that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane