Define carbohydrates.
Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, primarily serving as energy sources.
What is the primary function of proteins?
Proteins serve as building blocks for tissues, enzymes, and hormones.
True or false: Lipids are soluble in water.
FALSE
Lipids are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in water.
Fill in the blank: Nucleic acids include _______ and RNA.
DNA
What are amino acids?
The building blocks of proteins, consisting of an amino group, carboxyl group, and side chain.
Define enzymes.
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
What is the role of cholesterol in cells?
Cholesterol maintains cell membrane fluidity and is a precursor for steroid hormones.
True or false: Glucose is a disaccharide.
FALSE
Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose is a disaccharide.
Fill in the blank: Phospholipids have a hydrophilic _______ and hydrophobic tails.
head
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
Define saturated fats.
Fats with no double bonds between carbon atoms, typically solid at room temperature.
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
True or false: Starch is a storage form of glucose in plants.
TRUE
Starch is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units.
Fill in the blank: RNA is involved in _______ synthesis.
protein
What is a glycoprotein?
A protein with carbohydrate chains attached, important for cell recognition.
