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Question 1

Calculate the phagocytic activity if from 100 counted phagocytes 65 cells have ingested material:

Answer 1

% PHA = (65 / 100) * 100 = 65%

Question 2

What is a main purpose of respiratory burst in phagocytes?

Answer 2

Creation of oxidative radicals which destroy ingested material (X)

Question 3

for lysis of erythrocytes in procedure of separation of all leucocytes from whole blood?

Answer 3

1:2:1

Question 4

For evaluation of differential white cell count, the blood smear is stained by:

Answer 4

Pappenheim

Question 5

Which immune cells are professional phagocytes?

Answer 5

Neutro, mono/macro

Question 6

Granules in eosinophils stained by Pappenheim are:

Answer 6

Red

Question 7

In test for respiratory burst activity in phagocytes tetrazolium salt is:

Answer 7

Reduced into a coloured formazan

Question 8

Immune responses of organisms can be detected in two general ways. They are?

Answer 8

a) Detection of an antigen by the help of specific antibody
b) Detection of the presence of specific antibodies in serum → determination whether animal has been previously exposed to a specific antigen

Question 9

Define antigens (Ag) and antibodies (Ab)

Answer 9

• Antigens (Ag): molecules that stimulate immune response - Antibodies (Ab): antigen-binding proteins secreted by plasma cells or present on the B- cell membrane - Smá auka: injection of Ag into a body → production of Ab → they form a complex and Ag destruction by help of other immune mechanisms occur

Question 10

The three tests that are most applied in agglutination include:

Answer 10

• Slide agglutination: direct and indirect or passive (latex agglutination) - Tube agglutination - Haemagglutination

Question 11

Positive result in slide agglutination is identified by:

Answer 11

• Visible clumping with clearing of the suspension

Question 12

Tube agglutination is a direct agglutination and can be readily used to:

Answer 12

• Determine titer of antibodies