10.3

Question 1

give three uses of ammonia

Answer 1

1. to make fertilisers
2. building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products
3. cleaning products

Question 2

what steps are take to maximise the yield of ammonia ?

Answer 2

• high degrees
• high pressure
• high surface area of iron catalyst
• ammonia is condensed and removed
• unreacted H2 and N2 are recycled

Question 3

how do catalysts affect the position of the equilibrium and the speed at which equilibrium is reached ?

Answer 3

• have no effect on the position of equilibrium
• speeds up the rate of the forward and backward reaction equally

Question 4

what happens to the position of the equilibrium and why if we increase the total pressure of the system ?

Answer 4

equilibrium shift to the right producing more ethanol less moles of gas on the right so equilibrium shift to the right to reduce pressure
—> increases rate

Question 5

what happens to the position of the equilibrium and why if we increase the temperature ?

Answer 5

forward reaction is academic so decreasing the temperature will mean equilibrium shift to the right producing more ethanol

Question 6

what are the best conditions for high yield ?

Answer 6

high pressure
low temperature

Question 7

what are the best conditions for fast rate ?

Answer 7

high pressure
high temperature
catalyst