10.7 Adaptations

Question 1

Adaptations

Answer 1

Characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment

Question 2

What are the 3 types of adaptations

Answer 2

-Anatomical adaptations
- Behavioural adaptations
- Physiological adaptations

Question 3

What are anatomical adaptations

Answer 3

physical adaptions which can be internal and external

Question 4

What are behavioural adaptations

Answer 4

Adaptations in the way an organism acts. These can be inherited or learnt from their parents

Question 5

What are physiological adaptations

Answer 5

Adaptations of the processes that take place inside an organism

Question 6

Body covering (Anatomical adaption)

Answer 6

Animals have lots of different body coverings such as hair, scales, spines feathers and shells. For example the polar bear has thick hair to keep warm. The feathers on birds help them fly. Shell on a snail provides protection. Spikes scare of predators

Question 7

Camouflage (Anatomical adaptation)

Answer 7

Outer colour of an animal allows it to blend in with its environment so its harder for predators to see it

Question 8

Teeth (Anatomical adaptation)

Answer 8

Shape and type of teeth present in an animals jaw is related to its diet. Herbivores have molars for chewing grass where as carnivores have canines to kill prey

Question 9

Mimicry (Anatomical adaptation)

Answer 9

Copying another animals appearance or sound allows fro a harmless organism to fool predators into thinking it is poisonous or dangerous.

Question 10

Survival behaviours (behavioural adaptations)

Answer 10

Animals may play dead so predators do not eat them like the opossum plays dead when they think a predator has seen them

Question 11

Courtship (Behavioural adaptations)

Answer 11

Animals elaborate courtship behaviours to attract a mate to increase the chance of reproducing

Question 12

Seasonal behaviours (Behavioural adaptations)

Answer 12

Organisms might migrate to different environmental conditions where they are favourable and then move back. This may be for a better climate or a better source of food. They can also hibernate to conserve energy to reduce the animals requirement for food.

Question 13

Innate behaviour

Answer 13

The ability to do this is inherited through genes. For example spiders to make webs. This allows the organism to survive in the habitat in which it lives in

Question 14

Learned behaviour

Answer 14

These adaptations are learnt from experience or observing from other animals.

Question 15

Poison production (physiological adaptation)

Answer 15

Reptiles produce venom to kill their prey and many plants produce venom in their leaves to protect them from being eaten

Question 16

Antibiotic production (physiological adaptation)

Answer 16

Some bacteria produce antibiotics to kill other species of bacteria in the surrounding area

Question 17

Water holding (physiological adaptation)

Answer 17

Storing water in its body allows it to survive in areas with little water for a long time

Question 18

Convergent evolution

Answer 18

Organisms from different taxonomic groups show similar adaptations even though they do not share a common ancestor

Question 19

How does convergent evolution occur

Answer 19

By natural selection

Question 20

How does convergent evolution occur via natural selection

Answer 20

• 2 species live in different parts of the world with similar environments. They deal with the same selection pressures. Advanatageous characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce so future generations have the characteristics. This means both populations have the same adaptations in different parts of the world and are unrelated due to similar environments