Brown v. Board of Education
1954
MO: Warren
VOTE: 9-0
Ex: Linda Brown had to attend a Faraway school because local schools were segregated for family challenges as unfair. (14th amendment violation)
Im: The court ruled segregation in public schools is unconstitutional, ending the separate but equal doctrine in education. ( Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.)
Cooper v. Aaron
1958
MO: Brennan
Vote: 9-0
Ex: Arkansas officials tried to delay desegregation after the brown ruling by refusing to comply.
Im: denied the Arkansas school board the right to delay desegregation.
Map v. Ohio
1961
MO: Clark
Vote: 6-3
Ex: ( bomber) Police illegally search mapps home and find materials they use to convict her.
Im: redefining the rights of people being accused and limits how police can obtain evidence
Baker v. Carr
1962
MO: Brennan
VOTE: 6-2
Ex: Tennessee hadn’t updated legislation districts in decades leading to unequal representation.
Im: no questions answered in this case and that legislative apportionment was justiciable issue not gerrymanding
Engel v. Vitale
1962
MO: Black
Vote: 6-1
Ex: A New York school’s daily prayer was challenged by parents as a violation of religious freedom. ( School said it wasn’t cause kids could opt out)
Im: The court ruled that school sponsor prayer in public schools is unconstitutional.
Gideon v. Wainwright
1963
MO:Black
Vote: 9-0
Ex: Gideon was denied a lawyer in court because he couldn’t afford one and was convicted
Im: The court ruled that the right to legal council is guaranteed for all criminal defendants.
New York Times v. Sullivan
1964
MO: Brennan
Vote: 9-0
Ex: ad title “heed their rising voices” published by nyt looking for donations to defend MLK, criticizes police.
Sullivan sued for defamation
Im: strengthen freedom of press and
Ensuring debates on public issues robust and open.
Miranda v. Arizona
1966
MO: Warren
Vote: 5-4
Ex: Miranda confessed to a crime without being told his rights which led to his conviction.
Im: police have to inform people of their rights leading to the creation of Miranda rights. You have the right to remain silent.
Loving V. Virginia
1967
MO: Warren
Vote: 9-0
Ex: A married interracial couple was arrested for violating a Virginia law banning such marriages.
Im: Court struck down laws banning interracial marriage affirming that marriage is a basic civil right.
Tinker v. Des Moines
1969
MO: Fortas
Vote: 7-2
Ex: A group of students decide to wear black armbands to show support for a truce in the Vietnam war.
Im: The court ruled that students do not lose free speech rights at school as long as their actions aren’t disrupted.
