1.1 Balanced Diet

Question 1

Most of our energy is obtained from…

Answer 1

Carbohydrates and fats

Question 2

If you don’t eat enough to supply everyday activities then…

Answer 2

You will lose weight as body fat stores will be used up, over a long period of time body will start to break down other parts of the body (body proteins [muscle tissue]) are used up

Question 3

Three types of sugars:

Answer 3

Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Milk sugars

Question 4

What are intrinsic sugars?

Answer 4

Sugars contained within the class of food

Question 5

What are extrinsic sugars?

Answer 5

Sugars not contained inside cells (processes foods -chocolate/soft drinks- lead to tooth decay)

Question 6

What are milk sugars?

Answer 6

Found in milk & milk products e.g. Cheese - most important milk sugar is LACTOSE

Question 7

What percentage of our daily energy requirements should be extrinsic sugars?

Answer 7

10%

Question 8

40% of our daily energy requirements should be from…

Answer 8

Starches, intrinsic sugars & milk sugars

Question 9

Why should we obtain most of our energy from starches?

Answer 9

Energy released from starches is released more slowly - it stops blood glucose levels rising too sharply and stops you feeling hungry for much longer.

Question 10

What is basal metabolic rate?

Answer 10

The energy to need to keep yourself alive, when you are at rest but not asleep

Question 11

What does your BMR vary according to?

Answer 11

• Gender (women have a lower BMR as they have a higher ratio of adipose tissue to muscle
• Higher body mass (more respiring tissue)
• Tall, slim people (higher surface area to volume, loses more body heat)
• Children (growing and developing rapidly)
• Older people (Lower BMR, lower proportion of muscle tissue)
• Pregnant women have higher (foetus is growing & respiring rapidly -gets all energy from mother)

Question 12

What is anorexia nervosa?

Answer 12

• Psychological condition - when a person goes on a diet to try to lose weight but becomes obsessed about food
• Lack confidence and see the ability to control their food intake as a way of taking charge of their lives