what’s the most common symptom of an STI
no symptoms
why are younger girls more biologically likely to get an STI
- cervical ectopy
- decreased local immunity in genital tract
- smaller vaginal opening/lack of lubrication leads to traumatic sex
does increased susceptibility to STIS depend on age in males
no
what causes increased susceptibility to STIs in males
- phimosis (when the foreskin of the penis is too tight to be pulled back)
what is high sensitivity tests good for
to rule out
SnNout:
high Sensitivity Neg test = rule out
what is high specificity tests good for
ruling in
SpPin
high Specficity, Pos test = rule in
what is the positive predictive value (PPV)
the proportion of people with a pos test who actually have the disease
what is the negative predictive value (NPV)
the proportion of people with a negative test who don’t have the disease
what type of parasite is chlamydia trachomatis
an obligate intracellular parasite
gram neg bacilli
what is serovars D-K associated with
urogenital infections
what are the two forms of chlamydia trachomatis
- elementary body (infective)
- reticulate body (non-infective)
do majority of people with chlamydia show symptoms
no
are men or women more likely to get chlamydia
women
what can chlamdydia cause in men and women
- mucopurulent cervicitis in women that can lead to PID
- mucopurulent urethritis in males that can lead to epididymitis
symptoms of PID
- vaginal discharge
- lower abdominal pain
what can PID increase risk of
- infertility
- ectopic pregnancy
- chronic pelvic pain
what can epididymitis cause
- reduced fertility
- prostatitis
- urethritis causing painful urination and possible kidney problems
what tests diagnose chlamydia
- urethral swab
- rectal swab
- cervical swab
- midstream urine
treatment of chlamydia
- doxycycline 100mg bd for 7 days
- azithromycin 1g single dose then 500mg 1x day for 2 days
what type of bacteria neisseria gonorrhoea
a gram neg intracellular diplococcus
what is the most common symptoms of neisseria gonorrhoea
- mucupurulent urethritis (M)
- dysuria (M)
- vaginal discharge (F)
- mild abdominal pain (F)
steps of gonorrhoea infection
- Deposited on mucous membranes during sexual activity (endocervix, urethral,
tious date
anus, pharynx). - Attachment of bacteria using fimbrae to microvillus on non-ciliated columnar epithelial cells.
- bacteria gain cellular entry by parasite-directed endocytosis.
- Bacteria transported to basement membrane and released by exocytosis where they multiply in the subepithelial
tissue. This results in various inflammatory cells being recruited and various factors released - Cellular damage and inflammatory exudate accumulates in lumen.
treatment of gonnorhoea
- 1g ceftriaxone IM as single dose
- 500mg ciprofloxacin as single dose
what causes anogenital warts
HPV
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2 Parasites and Viruses60
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3 bacteria and fungi69
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4 signs and symptoms of infection13
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5 immunity and response to infection89
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6 Infection control16
-
7 chem of microbial agents II and antifungals20
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8 Chem of antimicrobial agent - beta lactams38
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10 Industrial production of antibiotics15
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11 STIs31
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12 Formulations of antimicrobials MILD47
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13 formulation of anti-microbial SEVERE32
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14 Supply of POM without a prescription12
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15 Management of infection50
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16 Mechanisms of antimicrobial drug resistance17
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17 Structure of antivirals13
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18 Antibiotics use and control of resistance12
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19 Topical Infections92
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20 Optimising antibiotic therapy (1)3
-
21 Optimising antibiotic therapy 20
-
22 Antimicrobial drug resistance0
-
dr matt antibiotic classes25
-
OSCE85
