1.2 Membranes

Question 0

4 Characteristics of Phospholipid

Answer 0

1. Glycerol backbone
2. 2 Fatty acids (16-18 carbons) attached to Glycerol
3. Phosphate group attached to Glycerol
4. Alcohol ESTERIFIED to phosphate (4 options)

Question 1

3 membrane lipids

Answer 1

Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Cholesterol

Question 2

What are the four alcohol options that can be esterified to the phosphate on a phospholipid

Answer 2

1. ethanolamine
2. choline
3. inositol
4. serine

Question 3

Characteristics of Sphingolipids

Answer 3

1. Sphingosine backbone

2. 1 Fatty Acid

Question 4

4 types of structures attached to the available end of a sphingolipid

Answer 4

1. Ceramide (Hydrogen)
2. Sphingomyelin (Phosphocholine)
3. Glucosylcerebroside (Glucose)
4. Ganglioside (Complex Oligosaccharide)

Question 5

A sphingolipid with a phosphate group and choline attached

Answer 5

Sphingomyelin

Question 6

Sphingolipid with a glucose

Answer 6

Glucosylcerebroside

Question 7

Sphingolipid with a hydrogen attached

Answer 7

Ceramide

Question 8

Sphingolipid with a complex oligosaccharide attached

Answer 8

Ganglioside

Question 9

Characteristic of Cholesterol

Answer 9

Found in plasma membrane with hydroxyl group on surface at water surface

Question 10

Function of Cholesterol

Answer 10

Keeps membrane fluid and rigid depending on temperature and characteristics of surroundings

Question 11

Primary leaflet location of Cholesterol

Answer 11

Both cytoplasmic and exoplasmic

Question 12

Primary leaflet location of sphingomyelin

Answer 12

Exoplasmic

Question 13

Primary leaflet location of Phosphotidylserine and Phosphotidylethanolamine

Answer 13

Cytosolic

Question 14

Primary leaflet location of Phosphotidylcholine

Answer 14

exoplasmic

Question 15

Two things that make up lipid rifts

Answer 15

1. Cholesterol

2. Sphingomyelin

Question 16

Function of Lipid Rafts

Answer 16

Function to help concentrate proteins that participate in Signal Transduction pathways

Question 17

2 types of membrane proteins

Answer 17

1. Integral membrane protein

2. Peripheral

Question 18

Name the two protein membrane anchors that are found on the cytosolic side of the membrane

Answer 18

1. Fatty Acyl group covalently attached to a Glycine

2. Isoprene group through Cysteine

Question 19

Name the protein membrane anchor that is found on the exoplasmic surface of the membrane

Answer 19

GPI anchor through Asp

Question 20

What things are permeable to membranes?

Answer 20

Gases and Ethanol (a small uncharged polar molecule)

Question 21

What type of transport uses the gradient of one ion to drive transport of another against its gradients

Answer 21

Secondary Active Transport

Question 22

Which membrane transport requires ATP to push a molecule against its electrochemical gradient?

Answer 22

Primary Active Transport

Question 23

Name the four classes of ATP powered transport proteins

Answer 23

1. P-class pumps
2. V-class proton pumps
3. F-class proton pumps
4. ABC superfamily (moves molecules vs ions)

Question 24

Name the three ATP powered transport proteins that move ions

Answer 24

``` P-class pumps V-class proton pumps F-class proton pumps ```