16: pox

Question 1

Poxviridae:

- Subfamilies, genera

Answer 1

• Chordopoxvirinae: Orthopox-, Parapox-, Avipox-, Capripox-, Leporipox-, Suipox-, Cervidpox-, Yatapox-, Molluscipoxvirus genus
• Entomopoxvirinae: insect poxviruses (A, B, C)

Question 2

Poxviridae:

• morphology
• biological properties
• antigentic properties
• diagnosis

Answer 2

Morphology:

• linear dsDNA
• ~200×400nm complex capsid with lipids
• Morphology variants!! See notes

Resistance: usually good (scabs)
- Chloroform inactivates all, ether only capri-, para- and leporipoxviruses

Biological properties:

• Baltimore I. ↔ multiplication in the cytoplasm (viral enzymes)
• embryonated eggs – CAM inoculation
• mainly stenoxen
• recombinations within genera
• Orthopox, Parapox – zoonoses
• infection: air borne, contact, arbo
• papule (cell proliferation) → pustule → scab → scar

Antigenic properties:

• strong antigens (except Parapox) – long immunity
• cross neutralizations within genera
• -> variola – vaccinia
• Orthopox: haemagglutinin

Diagnosis:

• clinical signs
• isolation: embryonated egg – CAM

Question 3

Chordopoxvirinae:

- genus

Answer 3

• Orthopoxvirus genus:
• Parapoxvirus genus:
• Avipoxvirus genus:
• Capripoxvirus genus:
• Leporipoxvirus genus:
• Suipoxvirus genus:
• Yatapoxvirus genus:
• Molluscipoxvirus genus:

Question 4

Orthopoxvirus genus:

Answer 4

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)
- Cowpox (cattle skin, teats)
rodents → cat → human
- Buffalopox (buffalo skin)
- Camelpox (camel skin, eye, pneumonia)
- Ectromelia (mice, skin – loose of legs, generalized)
- Variola (smallpox: human - skin, pneumonia)
- Vaccinia (mutant cowpox – vaccine against Variola)
- Monkeypox (monkey, rodent, human)

Question 5

Parapoxvirus genus:

Answer 5

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Pseudocowpox
• -> cow: teat scabs
• -> humans: milker’s nodule
• Bovine papular stomatitis
• -> calf: oral scabs
• Contagious ecthyma, orf
• -> lamb: mouth, lips - scabs
• -> humans: skin, lips, eyes
• Squirrel parapoxvirus – skin lesions (head, lips, eyes)
• Sealpox

Question 6

Avipoxvirus genus:

Answer 6

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Fowlpox
• Canarypox
• Pigeonpox
• Psittacinepox
• Turkeypox

Question 7

Capripoxvirus genus:

Answer 7

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Sheep pox
• -> skin – wool loss, pneumonia, generalized
• Goat pox
• Lumpy skin disease
• -> cattle, wild ruminants

Question 8

Leporipoxvirus genus:

Answer 8

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Myxomatosis
• -> rabbit (Oryctolagus)– myxomas, pneumonia
• -> transmission: mosquitoes
• Hare-fibroma virus
• -> hare (Lepus) - tumors
• Shope-fibroma virus
• -> American cotton-tailed rabbit (Sylvilagus) - tumors

Question 9

Suipoxvirus genus:

Answer 9

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Swinepox
• -> skin papulas
• -> transmission: lice

Question 10

Yatapoxvirus genus:

Answer 10

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

• Yabapox: monkey tumors
• Tanapox: human skin lesions

Question 11

Molluscipoxvirus genus:

Answer 11

(Poxviridae, chordopoxvirinae)

Molluscum contagiosum virus: human skin lesions