The Auto Pact
The top three manufacturers were Ford, Chrysler and a General Motors
The auto Pact was signed in 1965 and allowed free trade between Canada and the US.
Canada’s Flag
- The search for a Canadian flag started in 1925 by the Privy Council.
- Mr. John Matheson and Dr. George Stanley were crucial in developing the Canadian flag
- The design was based on a strong sense of Canada’s history, red and white being the national colours and the maple leaf worn by Canadian athletes
- The official ceremony for the new flag was held on February 15 1965
Newfoundland And Confederation
- Newfoundland had chosen in 1867 not to be a province of Canada but considered joining on many occasions
- A small group led by Joseph R. Smallwood added a union with Canada on the ballot
- On July 22 there was a referendum and 52.3 percent voted for confederation
- on March 31, 1949 New foundland became part of Canada and the following day Smallwood became the first premier
Social Welfare Programs
Family Allowance
-brought in by the liberals and provides a monthly payment to families with children up to 16
Unemployment insurance
Brought in by the conservatives and a pay for urban, unemployment wage earners
Health Care
Brought in by the liberals and a universal plan for all provinces, by 1961 all provinces/territories had public health insurance
Old Age Security
Brought in by the liberals and a universal $40 monthly from federal government to 70+ Canadians
The Quiet Revolution
Jean Lesage was elected in 1960 and tried leading in a new direction to Quebec by reinforcing Catholicism and decolonize the economy. This caused many groups to preform terrorist like acts and Quebec needed change.
In the late 60s, Pierre Trudeau was elected Prime Minister and aimed to enhance and encourage francophone paarticipation while also garunteeing individual rights.
The FLQ
The movement was founded March 1963 by Raymond Villeneuve, Gabriel Hudon and Georges Schoeters. The group were apart of many bombings and robberies in the 60s. In 1970, they took British trade commissioner James across hostage and when the government rejected their ultimatum they killed him. After this the movement stopped activities.
Arctic Sovereignity
The oil tanker passing through the Arctic waters created controversy because it has gone though the passage without Canada’s permission
US claimed it was an international waterway while Canada believed it had independent authority over the passage
In 1970, the Arctic Water Pollution Act that established a coastal zone which Canada had control over all shipping
Canada And The Commonwealth
The British Commonwealth was a collected of countries connected by British heritage.
Canada played the role of intermediary between the old members and new developing nations
In 1961, Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbakee led the commonwealth in taking a stand against racial discrimination in South Africa which caused them to withdraw.
The AVRO Arrow
The Avro Canada CF-105 was a supersonic incepter jet aircraft designed and built in the 50s by A.V. Roe Canada.
It was one of the most advanced aircrafts of its era and helped establish Canada as a world leader in scientific research/development.
On February 20 1959 the government cancelled the project and more than 14,000 people lost their jobs.
It was known as the Black Friday of the aviation industry
Bomarc Missiles
A dispute over whether Canada should house nuclear missiles as part of its NORAD air defence agreement with the US
fifty six missies were deployed but it lead to anti-nuclear protests throughout the country.
In 1969, Trudeau announced Canada would withdraw it’s armed forces from nuclear roles.
The government signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1970.
