What is standardization?
standardized- given in a uniform way (requires training)
What is the differenced between norm vs criterion referenced?
norm- compared to others of same age or grade
criterion- look at mastery of particular content
What is informed consent?
o Parents sign giving consent after being explained in clear language to what they are agreeing too
What is a thorough assessment?
o Assess every area that needs to be assessed
o Look at required areas to assess the referral question
What is research based assessment?
o We’re going to choose tools that are reliable and valid for the individual being assessed
What is fair non-discriminatory assessment?
o Look at child’s primary language and norm group of that child’s background
Who is Esquirol?
1800 French Physician..
o Language skills being used to delineate different levels of cognitive ability (levels of mental retardation)
Who is Wundt?
Mid 1800s
o Emphasizes rigorous control in research which gets applied to testing
• Non individual differences
Who is Binet?
Early 1900 French
o Asked by French ministry to research education of “retarded children”
o Binet Simon Scale—- 1st scale created, 1st individually administer intelligence test
o Comprehension, problem solving, judgment
o Revised by Turning of Stanford
• Telman at Stanford
o Revised Binet and created Stanford Binet (Stanford Binet 5)
What is woolworth personal data?
- Self report scale (rating)
* Self screen for mental retardation
What happened in the 1970 Diana vs. DOE?
• Culturally insensitive,
o assessing test in peoples non- native language
• Had to be re evaluated by a clinician who spoke the language and understood the culture and language
o More non-verbal items
What happened in the 1972 Guadalupe vs Tempe (Arizona) court case?
• Low track classes or mentally retarded, 6hr retarded child
o Unconstitutional to give a diagnosis based on child’s IQ
o Must assess adaptive behavior
What happened in the 1972 Mills vs D.C. court case?
• children with disabilities are entitled to an education in a least restricted environment
o least restricted environment (putting kids in the closest to general education is where the child should be)
What happened in the 1988 Hong court case?
- Child expelled for misbehavior
- Acted due to misbehavior
- School can’t laterally expel child without hearing
- If child is getting needs met and cause of behavior is disability suspension can’t be more than 10 days
- If not related child can be suspended to 45 days
- ***weapons, threats, general safety of school
- FBA functional behavioral assessment
- BICS Behavioral intervention plan
1970 Ferpa law? family education right to Privacy Act
• family has rights to review school records
• and kids above 18
• can see and control record
o control- right to
1973 Section 504 Rehabilitation Act?
• prohibits discrimination based on disability in programs that receive federal assistance
• can’t discriminate based on disability
o 504 plan?- 504 Plan is a plan developed to ensure that a child who has a disability identified under the law and is attending an elementary or secondary educational institution receives accommodations that will ensure their academic success and access to the learning environment.
o IEP?- Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a written statement of the educational program designed to meet a child’s individual needs. Every child who receives special education services must have an IEP
1975 PL 94-142 Edcation for ALL handicapped children act?
• 5-21 special needs of children must be met by schools
• 1986 extended it to 3-5 and then Early Intervention 0-3
• IFSP Individualized Family Special Plan
• IEP- The ‘Individualized Education Program, also called the IEP, is a document that is developed for each public school child who is eligible for special education. The IEP is created through a team effort reviewed periodically.
• Best interest to get IEP
o No one can be denied education
1997 PL 94 142 revision
• required FBAs and Behavior intervention plan
o trying to prevent
o transition planning for older students
• training programs or college programs or jobs
• after 15 plans and support should be started
assisted technology
• additional
o due process
o mediation
o fair hearing
2004 revision now termed IDEA (individuals with disabilities act)?
• no child left behind
o more standardized testing
o created RTI response to intervention with IEP
o screen kids before they came into school
o research based or evidence based interventions
LRE- ?
**NOTE: In the U.S. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), least restrictive environment (LRE) means that a student who has a disability should have the opportunity to be educated with non-disabled peers, to the greatest extent appropriate.
FAPE?
FAPE free appropriate public education
• Any Parent can refer there child for education
o Non- discriminatory evaluation
o FREE SCHOOL EVALUATION
o Clinician native of the test with someone native with natural language
• Thorough evaluation (every area) standard evaluation
• Every 3 year has to have a full evaluation
• Every 1 year a basic one
• It’s a LAW
• Child needs to placed in the least restricted environment LRE
School Psychologist must fill out form
Parent Participation are part of team and IEP meeting
• Parent School Psychologist, social workers, teachers
