1st Trimester

Question 1

Hematologic changes

Answer 1

• Blood volume inc 30-50%
• RBC, WBC, plasma volume, clotting factors increase
• fibrinogen doubles
• Fe requirements inc by 500mg
• Folate requirements inc to 300-500ug/day (need 400mcg folate daily)
  ≈(HYPERCOAGULABLE)

Question 2

Normal Hgb

Answer 2

11.6-13.9

Question 3

CV changes

Answer 3

• cardiac output inc 30-50%
• inc in stroke volume and HR
• dec vascular resistance, dec speed of venous blood flow, inc venous stasis
• arterial BP decreases beginning @ 7 weeks

Question 4

Respiratory Changes

Answer 4

• Swelling and increased mucous production in nose, sinuses, eustachian tubes and middle ears
• Increased chest circumference
• Inc respiratory rate
• Inc O2 requirements
• Mild hyperventilation
• Respiratory alkalosis

Question 5

Renal Changes

Answer 5

• Kidney grow in volume and length
• Kidneys and ureters dilate
• Bladder changes by 12 weeks
• Inc’d risk of UTI’s
• GFR increases significantly within 2 weeks of conception
• Renal tubular function changes – inc reabsorption of sodium and K+, glucose excretion increases
• ~6L body water retained extracellular (–> edema)
• ~2L body water retained intracellular

Question 6

GI Changes

Answer 6

• Gums become friable and softer
• Nausea and vomiting
• Slowing of peristalsis (caused by progesterone)
• Heartburn
• Constipation