MTAP - PARASIT > 2 - AMOEBAS > Flashcards

2 - AMOEBAS Flashcards

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1
Q

Protozoans are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are classified according to what?

A

Locomotory+organelles

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2
Q

Sporozoans are intracellular parasites that lack what?

A

Definite+locomotory+organelle

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3
Q

All amoebas are commensal except for which species?

A

E.+histolytica

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4
Q

All amoebas inhabit the intestine except for which species?

A

E.+gingivalis

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5
Q

All amoebas have a trophozoite stage except for which species?

A

E.+gingivalis

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6
Q

The Entamoeba genus is defined by the presence of peripheral chromatin and what else?

A

Chromatoidal+bodies

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7
Q

The Endolimax and Iodamoeba genera lack peripheral chromatin and chromatoidal bodies?

A

Yes+they+lack+both

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8
Q

The cyst stage of amoebas is nonfeeding non-motile with a thick protective wall and is found in what type of stools?

A

Formed+stools

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9
Q

The trophozoite stage of amoebas feeds multiplies is motile with pseudopods and is found in what type of stools?

A

Liquid+and+soft+stools

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10
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of amoebas is primarily based on what?

A

Morphologic+determination

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11
Q

What preparation is used to show the motility of the amoebic trophozoite?

A

Saline+wet+preparation

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12
Q

What preparation shows the internal cytoplasmic and nuclear structure of amoebas?

A

Iodine+wet+preparation

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13
Q

What is used for confirmation of amoeba identification?

A

Permanent+stained+smear

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14
Q

Molecular analysis or serological methods are used to distinguish E. histolytica from which morphologically identical species?

A

E.+dispar+and+E.+moshkovskii

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15
Q

E. histolytica occurs in up to 10% of the world’s population and is a leading cause of parasitic deaths after what?

A

Malaria+and+schistosomiasis

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16
Q

The diagnostic and infective stage of E. histolytica is transmitted by what route?

A

Fecal-oral

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17
Q

Flies and cockroaches can serve as vectors by depositing cysts where?

A

In+food

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18
Q

Amoebic colitis causes diarrhea abdominal pain cramping and is associated with what type of ulcer?

A

Flask-shaped

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19
Q

Extraintestinal amoebiasis most commonly affects which organ?

A

Liver

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20
Q

The treatment for Entamoeba histolytica infection is?

A

Metronidazole

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21
Q

The trophozoite of E. histolytica exhibits what type of motility?

A

Rapid+unidirectional+progressive

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22
Q

The karyosome in E. histolytica trophozoite is?

A

Central

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23
Q

The peripheral chromatin in E. histolytica trophozoite is?

A

Fine+evenly+distributed

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24
Q

E. histolytica is the only amoebic pathogen that causes significant disease and has ingested RBCs in trophozoites?

A

Yes

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25
Entamoeba hartmanni is morphologically similar to E. histolytica but differs in what way?
Smaller+size+non-pathogenic
26
The trophozoite of E. coli has a central large eccentric karyosome and what motility?
Non-progressive+sluggish
27
The peripheral chromatin in E. coli trophozoite is?
Even
28
The pseudopodia in E. coli trophozoite are?
Blunt
29
The cyst of E. coli has 1-8 nuclei with eccentric karyosome and unevenly distributed peripheral chromatin?
Yes
30
The chromatoid bars in E. coli cyst have what appearance?
Thin+pointed+ends+whisk+broom+splinter+needles
31
Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni cyst has what shape?
Spherical+round
32
Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni cyst karyosome?
Uninucleated+small+central
33
Peripheral chromatin in Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni cyst?
Even
34
Cytoplasmic inclusion in Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni cyst?
Angular+chromatoid+bars+pointed+ends+diffuse+glycogen
35
What disease does Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni cause?
Rapid+tissue+destruction+in+CNS
36
Does Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni directly infect CNS?
Yes
37
Can Entamoeba poleckii/chattoni infect healthy individuals?
Yes
38
Endolimax nana cyst shape?
Spherical+ellipsoid
39
Endolimax nana cyst nuclei karyosome?
1-4+nuclei+large+blot-like+central
40
Peripheral chromatin in Endolimax nana cyst?
Absent
41
Cytoplasmic inclusion in Endolimax nana cyst?
Chromatin+granules+diffuse+glycogen+mass
42
Iodamoeba butschlii cyst shape?
Ovoid+ellipsoid
43
Iodamoeba butschlii cyst karyosome?
Uninucleated+large+eccentric
44
Peripheral chromatin in Iodamoeba butschlii cyst?
Absent
45
Naegleria fowleri is known as what?
Brain+eating+amoeba
46
Naegleria fowleri is what tolerant?
Thermophilic
47
Where is Naegleria fowleri found?
Warm+bodies+of+water+lakes+streams+ponds+swimming+pools
48
Naegleria fowleri has how many morphologic forms?
3
49
What are the 3 forms of Naegleria fowleri?
Trophozoite+flagellate+cyst
50
Entamoeba gingivalis is the only amoeba without what stage?
Cystic+stage
51
Entamoeba gingivalis is the only what type of amoeba?
Extraintestinal
52
Where does Entamoeba gingivalis live?
Gum+line
53
Is Entamoeba gingivalis pathogenic?
Non-pathogenic
54
Specimen for Entamoeba gingivalis diagnosis?
Mouth+scrapings
55
Mode of transmission for Entamoeba gingivalis?
Mouth+to+mouth+contact+droplet+contamination
56
Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite motility?
Active
57
Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite nucleus karyosome?
Single+central
58
Peripheral chromatin in Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite?
Fine+evenly+distributed
59
Cytoplasmic inclusion in Entamoeba gingivalis trophozoite?
Leukocytes+epithelial+cells
60
Pseudopodia in Entamoeba gingivalis?
Varying
61
Acanthamoeba spp. characteristic pseudopodia?
Spine-like+acanthopodia
62
Acanthamoeba is?
Ubiquitous+parasite
63
Acanthamoeba trophozoite motility?
Sluggish
64
Acanthamoeba trophozoite nuclei karyosome?
Single+large+eccentric
65
Peripheral chromatin in Acanthamoeba trophozoite?
Absent
66
Pseudopods in Acanthamoeba?
Spine+like+hyaline+projections
67
Acanthamoeba cyst shape?
Spherical+round
68
Acanthamoeba cyst karyosome?
Uninucleated+central
69
Peripheral chromatin in Acanthamoeba cyst?
Absent
70
Acanthamoeba cyst wall?
Wrinkled+double+with+ragged+edges
71
Primary disease of Acanthamoeba?
Gradual+destruction+of+CNS
72
Who can Acanthamoeba infect?
Immunocompromised+patients
73
Does Acanthamoeba directly infect CNS?
No+surrounding+organs+first
74
Balamuthia mandrillaris causes what?
Granulomatous+Amoebic+Encephalitis
75
Secondary disease of Acanthamoeba?
Contact+lens+solution+contamination
76
Most commonly isolated Acanthamoeba species on eye CNS infections?
A.+castellanii
77
Diagnosis for free-living amoebas?
Microscopic+examination+of+CSF
78
Specimen for Acanthamoeba?
CSF+brain+tissue+corneal+scrapings
79
Culture method for Acanthamoeba?
BAP+flooded+with+E.+coli+trailing+effect
80
Staining for Acanthamoeba corneal cysts?
Calcofluor+white
81
Naegleria fowleri mode of transmission?
Inhalation+of+contaminated+water+nasal+mucosa+to+brain
82
Kernig's sign is?
Unable+to+straighten+leg+when+hip+flexed+90+degrees
83
Brudzinski's sign is?
Hips+knees+flex+when+neck+flexed+neck+stiffness
84
Treatment for Naegleria fowleri?
Amphotericin+B+rifampin+miconazole
85
Stains well with iodine?
Naegleria+fowleri+cysts
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