1
Q
5 tasks by processor
A
- Fetch instruction - read from memory
- Integrate instruction - decode to determine action
- Fetch data
- process data
- Write data - to memory or I/O module
2
Q
3 types of system bus
A
- control bus
- data bus
- address bus
3
Q
4 steps of machine cycle
A
- fetch (CU)
- decode (CU)
- execute (ALU)
- store (ALU)
- CU direct and coordinate operation
- ALU perform execution
4
Q
3 operations and examples carries out in ALU
A
- arithmetic: calculation - 加减乘除
- comparison: comparing data items - greater/less than
- logical: conditions and logical operators - OR/AND/NOT
5
Q
define I time
A
Instruction time
- time taken to fetch data and instructions from memory and store in internal register
6
Q
define E time
A
Execution time
- time taken to decode and execute the instructions
7
Q
pipelining
A
- multiple instructions are overlapped in execution
- execute more instructions in smaller period of time
- laundry analogy
8
Q
3 classifications of microprocessor
A
- design of semiconductor technologies
- width of data format
- instruction set
9
Q
3 design of semiconductor technologies
A
- TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic)
- CMOS (Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)
- ECL (Emitter-Coupled Logic)
10
Q
Characteristics of 3 design of semiconductor
A
TTL - most commonly used
CMOS
- low power consumption
- suitable for portable computer and battery-powered devices
ECL
- high power consumption
- high speed
11
Q
CISC and RISC
A
Complex-Instruction-Set computer
- easier to program
- slower
- more expensive
