2: Ethics

Question 1

Define normative ethics

Answer 1

how we ought to behave, what are right/wrong actions

Question 2

Define descriptive ethics

Answer 2

studies ethical beliefs
investigate moral beliefs, what drives people to behave ethically

Question 3

Define evaluative ethics

Question 4

Normative ethics

Answer 4

• studY of ethical actions
• How should we act, what is right aand wronmg?

The three theories taht make up normative ethics are:
- consequentialism
- virtue ethics
- deontological ethics

Question 5

Consequentialism/
utilitarianism

Answer 5

• put forward by Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham
• outcomes, consequences and the utility of actions
• the ends justify teh means, goof for teh masses but not the minorities
• doesnt account for agent relative values

Question 6

Deontological Ethics

Answer 6

• Immanuel Kant
• duty based ethics: do your actions align with the rules or your duties?
• focus on the intention not the outcome

Question 7

critiques of Deontological Ethics

Answer 7

-strict adherence to rules has issues, what about situations taht need nuance, or conflicting duties

• ignoring the consquences makes morally wrong actions permissible, and it also ignores feelings
• too focues on individaul rights and duties
• who decides teh rules??

Question 8

Virtue Ethics

Answer 8

• Ethical behaviour results from developing good character
  through the development of virtues

-moral charcter development not just actions or rules

-development of practical wisdom, ability to discernright and wrong in specific situations
- end goal of eudaimonia

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Question 9

criticism of virtue ethics

Answer 9

-not much guidance, how do I find the right person to model,? ()moral luck)

• what virtues should I develop?
  there are no rules
• conflicting virtues (honesty adn compassion)

Question 10

Principles of ethical research

Answer 10

• merit and integrity
• justice
• beneficence (good outweighs bad)
• respect

Question 11

T/F Ethical principles in PACE are respect and justice

Answer 11

FALSE: THEY ARE

• Reciprocity
• Mutual Benefit (to the student, the organisation, the university)