2. Infrastructure for E-Commerce

Question 1

Intranet, Extranet, Internet

Answer 1

• Intranet = A private network within a single company using internet standards to enable employees to access and share information using web publishing technology
• Extranet = controlled private network of single company that is extended to partners, suppliers and an authorized set of customers
• Internet = physical network that links computers worldwide through network servers and communucation links to hold and to transport information between client pcs and web servers

Question 2

Fundaments of the Internet

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Answer 2

TCP = Stellt Verbindung zur Datenübertragung her

• handels assembly of packets

IP = Vereinbarung wie die Daten auszusehen haben

Question 3

Packet switching

Answer 3

• TCP/IP slices digital message into packets
• sends packets along different communication paths (using routers = special computers that interconnect the computer networks)
• reassambles packets once they arrive at destination

Question 4

Client/server computing

Answer 4

Sender (Server) → TCP/IP breaks data into packets → the packets travel from router to router over the Internet → TCP/IP reassambles the packets into the original whole → Recipient (Client)

Question 5

Internet governance

Answer 5

= control of the operation and use of the Internet

→ physical space comprising individual countries in which their own laws hold

VS.

→ Internet service providers (ISPs) that are the connections between the physical and virtual world

BUT: the Internet’s three virtues:

• nobody owns it
• everbody can use it
• anyone can improve it

Question 6

Net Neutrality

Answer 6

= principe that ISPs treat all data on the Internet equally and not discriminate by user, content, platform or application

→ net neutrality prohibits speeding up, slowing down or blocking Internet traffic based on its source, ownership or destination

Implications:

1. Consume ris changed only once for Internet acces
2. No content is favoured over another
3. Content provider is not changed for sending information (=Upstream)

Two different forces threaten net neutrality:

1. Telecommuncation companies and ISPs offer tiered acces to particular internet services based on a paid fee
2. Governements or other bodies blocking access to certain services or content (China)