HANDOFF
The process of transferring the identification of an aircraft and radio communications for that aircraft to another sector or unit.
IDENTIFICATION
The process of ascertaining that a particular PPS represents the location of a specific aircraft
You may apply ATS surveillance control procedures, provided:
- The aircraft is identified.
- The aircraft is in controlled airspace, except as described in Vectoring into Class G Airspace.
- You are in direct communication with the pilot, unless:
◦ The aircraft has been cleared for an approach.
◦ You have transferred communication to the tower. - You are satisfied that the displayed ATS surveillance information is adequate.
ATS SURVEILLANCE ADVISORY
Advice and information based on ATS surveillance observations.
ATS SURVEILLANCE CONTROL SERVICE
An air traffic control service provided with information derived from ATS surveillance equipment sources.
ATS SURVEILLANCE MONITORING
The use of ATS surveillance for providing aircraft with information and advice relative to significant deviations from their normal flight path.
ATS SURVEILLANCE SEPARATION
Spacing of aircraft in accordance with established minima, based on information derived from ATS surveillance.
Navigation Assistance
Unless specifically prohibited, use ATS surveillance to provide navigation assistance if a pilot requests it.
Navigation Assistance may be in the form of position information, vectors or track and ground speed checks
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
(List)
- Transferred or Coordinated Identification
- Appropriate PPS Changes
- Aircraft ID in ADS‑B Data Tag
- Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Transferred or Coordinated Identification
you may consider the aircraft identified when identification is transferred by handoff or coordinated by point out.
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Appropriate PPS Changes
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe an appropriate change in the PPS in any of the following situations:
- After the pilot is instructed to operate the aircraft’s transponder Ident feature
“SQUAWK IDENT”
“SQUAWK (code) AND IDENT”
“TRANSMIT ADS-B IDENT” - After the pilot is instructed to change to a transponder code that results in linkage, or that subsequently displays the data tag
- After the pilot is instructed to change the transponder to “standby” In this situation, the PPS disappears or changes to a PSR symbol. When the pilot is requested to return the transponder to normal operation, the PPS reappears or changes to an SSR symbol. Take enough time to determine that the change is a result of the pilot’s action.
“SQUAWK STANDBY”
“SQUAWK (code)”
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft ID in ADS‑B Data Tag
you may consider the aircraft identified when the aircraft identification element in an ADS‑B data tag is recognized and is consistent with the aircraft’s expected position.
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe the aircraft on the situational display and one of the following conditions applies:
(LIST)
- The aircraft’s position is:
- The aircraft’s position over a fix or an OMNI and DME NAVAID is consistent with a position report received directly from the pilot, and the following apply:
- The aircraft’s position relative to a fix or an OMNI and DME NAVAID is consistent with a position report received directly from the pilot in the form of a DME or GPS report, and the following apply:
- The aircraft carries out a specified identifying turn of at least 30°, and the following apply:
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe the aircraft on the situational display and one of the following conditions applies:
The aircraft’s position is:
◦ Within one mile of the departure end of the take‑off runway
◦ Consistent with the time of takeoff and the route of flight or assigned heading of the aircraft
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe the aircraft on the situational display and one of the following conditions applies:
The aircraft’s position over a fix or an OMNI and DME NAVAID is consistent with a position report received directly from the pilot, and the following apply:
◦ The aircraft’s track is consistent with the route of flight or reported heading of the aircraft.
◦ The position of the fix or the OMNI and DME NAVAID is accurately indicated on the situation display.
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe the aircraft on the situational display and one of the following conditions applies:
The aircraft carries out a specified identifying turn of at least 30°, and the following apply:
◦ Except in the case of a lost aircraft, a position report received directly from the aircraft indicates that the aircraft is within ATS surveillance coverage of the area being displayed.
◦ Only one aircraft is observed to have carried out the specified turn.
◦ The track is observed to be consistent with the heading or track of the aircraft both before and after completion of the turn.
You may consider an aircraft identified, when the conditions are met for any of the following methods:
Aircraft Position and Movements on Situational Display
you may consider the aircraft identified when you observe the aircraft on the situational display and one of the following conditions applies:
The aircraft’s position relative to a fix or an OMNI and DME NAVAID is consistent with a position report received directly from the pilot in the form of a DME or GPS report, and the following apply:
◦ The aircraft’s track is consistent with the route of flight or reported heading of the aircraft.
◦ The position of the fix or the OMNI and DME NAVAID is accurately indicated on the situation display.
After aircraft identification is established using an identification method….
After aircraft identification is established using an identification method[1], inform the pilot.
“IDENTIFIED [ position ]”
On receiving a handoff, it is not necessary to re‑inform the pilot that the aircraft is identified when establishing communication with them.
OMNI FACILITY
A very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR), very high-frequency omnidirectional range tactical air navigation aid (VORTAC), or tactical air navigation aid (TACAN) that provides azimuth information, expressed as radials in degrees from 000° to 359°
If you initiate vectoring, inform the pilot of the following:
- The purpose of vectors and/or the point to which the aircraft is being vectored.
VECTORS [ DUE ] TRAFFIC
VECTORS ( sequencing / spacing / other reason )
VECTORS TO ( fix / airway / final / localizer / other )
LINKAGE
An automated or manual function that matches ATS surveillance data with flight plan data
Use an ATS surveillance control procedure…
Use an ATS surveillance control procedure in preference to a procedural control procedure unless you or the pilot gain an operational advantage.
If identification becomes doubtful or is lost, immediately do either of the following:
- Identify or re-identify the aircraft using the same technique more than once or use more than one of the techniques provided in Identification Methods.
- Terminate ATS surveillance service and apply procedural separation.
When identification is lost, inform the pilot.
“IDENFICATION LOST”
Identification may be doubtful due to:
- The position or movement of other aircraft
- The observation of more than one aircraft responding to an identification instruction
- Temporary loss of the PPS
- Coasting of PPS
- Merging of PPS
- Ambiguous PPS
- Display clutter
- other circumstances
