2.1 Cellular Neuropathy

Question 1

• caused by anoxia, ischemia, hypoglycemia
• cell atrophy, nuclear pyknosis, and loss of Nissl and nucleolus
• loss of H, leaves eosinophilic red appearance

Answer 1

acute neuronal injury

Question 2

atrophy of neurons leads to retraction of cell body and nuclear ______

Answer 2

pyknosis

Question 3

injury to axon leads to cell body swelling and central __________ due to Nissl displacement

Answer 3

chromatolysis

Question 4

degeneration of nerve fibers distal to injury is called _________ degeneration

Answer 4

Wallerian

Question 5

atrophy of nerve cells due to loss of afferent input

Answer 5

transsynaptic degeneration

Question 6

supportive cells responsible for inflammation, repair, and fluid balance

Answer 6

glia

Question 7

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymal cells derived from _________

Answer 7

neuroectoderm

Question 8

microglia derived from _______

Answer 8

mesoderm

Question 9

• small oval nuclei
• supportive stroma of CNS
• metabolic support, detoxifiers
• contain GFAP

Answer 9

astrocytes

Question 10

foot processes of _________ help as a barrier in the BBB

Answer 10

astrocytes

Question 11

astrocytosis is indicated by _____ or _____ antibodies

Answer 11

gliosis, GFAP

Question 12

• astrocytic process inclusions
• composed of heat shock proteins
• seen in chronic gliosis, pilocytic astrocytomas, Alexander’s

Answer 12

rosenthal fibers

Question 13

5-50 micron structures associated with astrocytic foot processes

• HSP, ubiquitin
• degenerative change, increase with age

Answer 13

corpora amylacea

Question 14

• make and maintain myelin
• injury leads to loss of myelin or abnormal myelin
• inclusions: infections, neurodegenerative

Answer 14

oligodendrocytes

Question 15

____ virus infects oligodendrocytes

Answer 15

JC

Question 16

• ciliated columnar cells
• line the ventricular system
• CMV infectious injury and granulations

Answer 16

ependymal cells

Question 17

• CSF production, in continuum with ependymal lining

- tumors: papillomas and carcinomas

Answer 17

choroid plexus

Question 18

• resident CNS macrophages

- actions: proliferation, elongation, nodules

Answer 18

microglia

Question 19

cluster around dying neurons

Answer 19

neuronophagia of microglia