2.1 Design Methods and Processes

Question 1

Iterative Design Process

Answer 1

The circular sequence of stages required to refine a design. Designers will move backwards and forwards between the stages, constantly evaluating what they are doing.

Question 2

Circular design process

Answer 2

Research -> Ideate -> Prototype -> Test

Question 3

User-centred Design

Answer 3

To improve users’ experience of using products, focusing on the user and their needs.

Question 4

Principles of ISO13407

Answer 4

1. Take full account of users, task and environment.
2. Involve users during design stages
3. Consider user evaluation
4. Result from iterative design
5. Consider whole user experience
6. Developed by a multi-disciplinary team

Question 5

Key needs of consumers

Answer 5

1. Physical (age, height, weight)
2. Emotional (e.g attachment to brands, society)
3. Intellectual
4. Sociological (e.g environment)

Question 6

Primary investigation techniques

Answer 6

1. Market research (e.g questionnaires and surveys)
2. Empathetic research (immersion) (experiencing limitations such as disability)
3. Focus groups
4. Product analysis
5. Anthropometric data collection

Question 7

Secondary investigation techniques

Answer 7

Online research or book research on aspects such as style influences, suitable materials, construction methods and relevant anthropometric data.

Question 8

Development of a design proposal

Answer 8

1. Sketch and model potential solutions to a design problem
2. Check specification criteria by adding solutions to the design problem
3. Selection by the client or potential customer
4. Development of aesthetics
5. Tests to help size, materials and constructions
6. Use scale and full-size models
7. Use models to check working elements with productions engineers
8. Create dimensions working drawings for manufacturing

Question 9

The planning, manufacture and evaluation of a prototype

Answer 9

1. Plan of manufacture (inc QC procedures)
2. Make prototype
3. Test and Evaluate
4. Make iterative improvement