2.0 Infrastructure > 2.1 Explain Common Computing Devices And Their Purposes > Flashcards

2.1 Explain Common Computing Devices And Their Purposes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two different types of computing devices commonly found on a network?

A
  • Servers
  • Workstations

These devices play distinct roles in a computing environment.

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2
Q

What is the primary function of servers in a network?

A

To provide resources necessary for users to perform tasks

Servers centralize control of resources and security, reducing administrative difficulties.

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3
Q

What are file servers and print servers examples of?

A
  • File servers: Provide files to users
  • Print servers: Host printing services for users

Servers can also handle tasks like authentication, remote access, and email.

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4
Q

What distinguishes a dedicated server from a nondedicated server?

A
  • Dedicated server: Assigned to specific applications or services only
  • Nondedicated server: Provides one or more network services and local access

Dedicated servers require fewer resources and are more efficient.

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5
Q

True or false: A dedicated server can perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

A

FALSE

A dedicated server specializes in specific tasks and does not perform other functions.

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6
Q

What is a workstation in the context of a network?

A

The computer on which network users perform their work

Workstations are also known as client computers and can range from diskless systems to desktops or laptops.

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7
Q

What must be installed in a workstation to make it a network client?

A
  • Network interface card (NIC)
  • Connection to a cabling system
  • Client software

These components allow the workstation to communicate with servers and request resources.

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8
Q

What is the role of a network interface card (NIC)?

A

Allows the PC to communicate on a network

It is an essential component for connecting workstations to a network.

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9
Q

What is the difference between single-purpose and multipurpose servers?

A
  • Single-purpose server: Performs one specific task
  • Multipurpose server: Can perform multiple tasks simultaneously

This distinction helps in optimizing network performance.

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10
Q

What is the role of Vetwork client software in network configuration?

A

Utilizes the operating system to participate on a network

Clients may not realize resources are on a server.

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11
Q

True or false: The perception that servers are always ultra-fancy, rack-mounted machines is accurate.

A

FALSE

Servers typically require more powerful hardware, but this is not a strict rule.

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12
Q

What differentiates a workstation from a server?

A

Operating system installed and role on the network

A system with Windows Server 2022 is likely a server; Windows 10 or 11 is likely a client.

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13
Q

What is the primary purpose of a laptop?

A

To perform all functions of a desktop computer while being portable

Laptops contain a built-in keyboard, pointing device, and flatscreen display.

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14
Q

What are laptops often referred to as due to their design?

A

Notebook computers

The terms are often used interchangeably in the context of portable computers.

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15
Q

What is a major architectural difference between laptops and desktop computers?

A

Size and heat management

Laptops have space constraints and less airflow, leading to faster overheating.

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16
Q

What is a common characteristic of laptop hardware?

A

Most integrated hardware is proprietary

Replacement parts must be specifically built for the laptop model.

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17
Q

What type of memory modules are typically used in laptops?

A

Industry-standard small outline dual inline memory modules (SODIMMs)

These are commonly used for RAM in laptops.

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18
Q

What type of storage is almost always found in modern laptops?

A

Solid-state drives (SSDs)

SSDs are the industry-standard size for laptop hard drives today.

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19
Q

What is a point stick used for?

A

Allows fingertip control of the on-screen pointer

It avoids reliability problems associated with trackballs.

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20
Q

What is a common problem with point sticks?

A

They do not return to center, causing the pointer to drift

This can affect usability when the point stick is not actively used.

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21
Q

What is a touchscreen?

A

A video screen that you can touch, and the system senses it

Touchscreens can register clicks or capture handwriting as digital notes.

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22
Q

What are the two primary options for handheld computing devices?

A
  • Tablets
  • Smartphones

Each serves slightly different purposes, with tablets often acting as laptop replacements.

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23
Q

True or false: Tablets are generally larger than smartphones.

A

TRUE

Tablets can serve as a laptop replacement, while smartphones are more portable.

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24
Q

How are tablets and smartphones similar from an end-user standpoint?

A

They use the same operating systems and have the same navigational features

This similarity allows for a unified user experience across mobile devices.

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25
What term is used to collectively refer to **tablets** and **smartphones**?
Mobile devices ## Footnote This shorthand simplifies the discussion of these types of devices.
26
What was the buzzword in tech circles from about 2011 to 2014?
phablet ## Footnote Reuters called 2013 'The Year of the Phablet' and predicted it would become the dominant computer device.
27
According to The New York Times, what would phablets become?
the dominant computer device of the future ## Footnote This prediction was made during the peak popularity of phablets.
28
What screen size is considered the maximum for modern phones?
between 6' and 6.9' ## Footnote Recent releases from iPhone and Samsung have not exceeded this size.
29
True or false: The term **phablet** is still commonly used today.
FALSE ## Footnote Phones with screen sizes under 7" are now simply seen as large phones.
30
What are the three areas of focus for using mobile devices?
* Usability features * Setting up wireless network connections * Getting apps and synchronizing the device ## Footnote Understanding these areas is essential for effective mobile device use.
31
What new tools became necessary for interaction with mobile devices?
* Touchscreen * On-screen keyboard ## Footnote Traditional input devices like keyboards and mice were too large for mobile devices.
32
Which operating systems are used as examples in this chapter?
* iOS 17 * Android 13 ## Footnote These versions may be outdated by the time of reading, but the options will remain similar.
33
What is the default home screen layout for **iOS**?
Full of apps ## Footnote The Settings app is used for most configuration options.
34
What is the default home screen layout for **Android**?
Fewer icons with Navigation buttons ## Footnote The Navigation buttons include Recents, Home, and Back.
35
How do you access the settings on an **Android** device?
Swipe up from the home screen and tap the Settings icon ## Footnote The Settings icon looks like a gear.
36
What is the primary interaction method for **mobile devices**?
gesture-based interaction ## Footnote Users interact with the touchscreen using finger movements.
37
Name the **three main gestures** used on mobile device touchscreens.
* Tap * Swipe * Pinch ## Footnote These gestures allow users to interact with apps and navigate content.
38
What does a **tap** on a mobile device do?
Opens an app ## Footnote Similar to clicking on a mouse pointer.
39
Describe the **swipe** gesture on a touchscreen.
Press and brush finger in a direction ## Footnote Used to move pages or scroll content.
40
How do you perform a **pinch** gesture on a touchscreen?
Place two fingers apart and pinch together ## Footnote This gesture is used to zoom out.
41
What is the reverse of the **pinch** gesture?
Spreading two fingers apart ## Footnote This gesture is used to zoom in.
42
What does **kinetics** refer to in mobile devices?
Sense of motion ## Footnote Includes sensors that detect tilting or shaking.
43
List some **kinetic sensors** found in iPhones since the iPhone 6.
* Gyroscope * Accelerometer * Linear acceleration sensor * Magnetometer * Altitude sensor * Gravity sensor ## Footnote These sensors enhance functionality like GPS and compass features.
44
What feature does the **gyroscope** provide for mobile devices?
Changes screen orientation ## Footnote Automatically switches from portrait to landscape mode.
45
When rotating a device, how does it detect the change in **screen orientation**?
By keeping the screen facing you and rotating the device ## Footnote This allows for easier typing and better gameplay in certain apps.
46
True or false: Not all apps are built to use the **gyroscope** for screen orientation.
TRUE ## Footnote Some apps may not support automatic rotation.
47
Why is it important to **secure mobile devices**?
Mobile devices are much easier to steal than desktop computers ## Footnote Proper security measures help protect sensitive information.
48
What type of **security lock** is commonly used on mobile devices?
* Pattern lock based on a grid of nine dots * Biometrics such as facial scanning * Fingerprint scanning ## Footnote These methods enhance the security of mobile devices.
49
What is the first step to **change security settings** on iOS 17?
Tap the Settings app to open it ## Footnote This initiates the process of modifying security settings.
50
In iOS 17, where do you go to access **Face ID & Passcode** settings?
Scroll down to Face ID & Passcode ## Footnote This section allows you to manage security features related to Face ID.
51
What must you enter to access the **Face ID & Passcode** settings?
Your current passcode ## Footnote This is a security measure to ensure only authorized users can change settings.
52
What can you do on the **Face ID & Passcode** screen in iOS 17?
* Choose applications requiring Face ID * Reset Face ID * Change the passcode * Select apps accessible when locked ## Footnote These options provide flexibility in managing device security.
53
True or false: The **Android security lock screen** looks very different from the iOS security lock screen.
FALSE ## Footnote Both operating systems have similar security lock screens if a passcode is set up.
54
What is the purpose of **Face ID** on an iPhone?
* Phone Unlock * iTunes & App Store * Wallet & Apple Pay * Password AutoFill * 14 Apps ## Footnote Face ID allows secure access to various applications and features on the iPhone.
55
True or false: **Face ID** can recognize an alternate appearance.
TRUE ## Footnote Face ID can continuously learn how you look and recognize alternate appearances.
56
To use **Face ID** while wearing a mask, you must be looking at your _______.
Phone ## Footnote Face ID is most accurate when set up for full-face recognition only.
57
What are the **security types** available in Android 13 for screen lock?
* PIN * Password * Pattern * Swipe * None * Biometrics (Face, Fingerprints) ## Footnote Each security type offers different levels of security.
58
What is the **highest security type** available in Android 13?
Password ## Footnote Password provides high security compared to other options.
59
What is the **medium-high security type** in Android 13?
PIN ## Footnote PIN is considered medium-high security for screen lock.
60
Fill in the blank: To change security settings on Android 13, tap the **Settings** app and scroll down to **______**.
Lock Screen ## Footnote This is where you can adjust various screen lock options.
61
What must you always do when you enable a **biometric sensor** on a mobile device?
Type in the passcode or password ## Footnote This is required to access the device the first time.
62
What is the **overall process** to set up a mobile device?
* Buy it from a mobile provider * Charge it with its USB cable * Turn it on * Follow the prompts to configure it ## Footnote Manufacturers and wireless providers have made the setup process accessible and easy to navigate.
63
What is the **International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)** number?
A 15-digit serial number unique to each mobile device ## Footnote It is used to identify mobile devices on a cellular network.
64
What is the purpose of a **subscriber identity module (SIM)** chip?
Identifies the chip and links it to a specific mobile network ## Footnote Each SIM card has a unique identifier called an integrated circuit card identifier (ICCID).
65
What does **ICCID** stand for?
Integrated Circuit Card Identifier ## Footnote It is a 19- or 20-digit code unique to each SIM card.
66
Where can you find your phone's **identification numbers** on iOS?
Settings > General > About > ESIM section ## Footnote This is where you can scroll to find the IMEI and ICCID numbers.
67
Where can you find your phone's **identification numbers** on Android?
Settings > About Phone > Status Information ## Footnote You can tap either SIM Card Status or IMEI Information.
68
True or false: You can change the **SIM card** on most Android phones.
TRUE ## Footnote This allows you to move from one cellular network to another.
69
What is a key difference between **iPhones** and most Android phones regarding SIM cards?
iPhones do not offer a SIM tray ## Footnote Apple prefers that users do not open the case.
70
What does it mean if a phone is sold as **unlocked**?
It can participate in multiple cellular networks without needing a SIM card replacement ## Footnote Unlocked phones offer flexibility of cellular providers.
71
What is the benefit of using a **Wi-Fi connection** instead of a cellular connection?
* Unlimited data usage * Generally faster speeds * Wi-Fi calling for voice and video calls ## Footnote Using Wi-Fi can save money, especially when downloading large files.
72
What happens if you exceed your monthly data limit on a **cellular plan**?
You will be charged extra, often significantly ## Footnote This makes Wi-Fi a preferable option for heavy data usage.
73
What is the first step in setting up a **wireless connection**?
Verify that your device has wireless capabilities ## Footnote Nearly all mobile devices support Wi-Fi, but confirmation is necessary.
74
To turn on **Wi-Fi** on an iPhone, which app do you need to open?
Settings app ## Footnote Tap Settings to access Wi-Fi options.
75
What should you do after tapping on the **Wi-Fi** line in the Settings app?
Slide the Wi-Fi slider to the **On** position ## Footnote This action enables Wi-Fi on the device.
76
What are **SSIDs**?
Network names of available Wi-Fi networks ## Footnote SSIDs will be covered in depth in Chapter 8.
77
What indicates that a Wi-Fi network is **secured**?
A padlock icon next to the SSID ## Footnote Secured networks require a password to join.
78
What should you do to verify an **Internet connection** after joining a Wi-Fi network?
Open Safari and visit a website ## Footnote This confirms that the device is connected to the Internet.
79
On an **Android** device, where do you go to turn on Wi-Fi?
Settings > Connections ## Footnote Wi-Fi is the first option in the Connections menu.
80
What do you tap to configure the current network on an Android device?
The gear icon next to the SSID ## Footnote This allows access to additional network settings.
81
Fill in the blank: To verify Internet connectivity on Android, open _______.
Chrome ## Footnote This is the browser used to check Internet access.
82
What are the **steps to set up a new Wi-Fi connection**?
* Verify wireless capabilities * Turn on Wi-Fi * Locate or select the SSID * Enter the wireless password * Verify the Internet connection ## Footnote These steps ensure a successful connection to a Wi-Fi network.
83
What is the purpose of **Bluetooth pairing**?
To enable two Bluetooth devices to communicate securely ## Footnote This process prevents unauthorized access to your Bluetooth-enabled devices.
84
List the **general steps** for Bluetooth pairing.
* Turn on the Bluetooth device * Use your mobile device to locate and select the Bluetooth device * Enter the Bluetooth device's passcode * Confirm pairing on the Bluetooth device ## Footnote The exact process may vary based on the mobile OS and the device.
85
True or false: **Bluetooth** is used for full-scale networking.
FALSE ## Footnote Bluetooth is primarily for short-range connectivity with peripheral devices.
86
What types of devices can **Bluetooth** connect to?
* Mice * Keyboards * Speakers * Printers * Hands-free communication devices ## Footnote Bluetooth is ideal for connecting peripheral devices over short distances.
87
What are the two reasons to **disable Bluetooth** on mobile devices?
* Runs down battery faster * Security precaution ## Footnote Enabling Bluetooth can make devices vulnerable to bluejacking and bluesnarfing.
88
Define **bluejacking**.
Sending harmless messages to your device via Bluetooth ## Footnote Think of it as Bluetooth spam.
89
Define **bluesnarfing**.
Connecting to your device without knowledge to access data ## Footnote This can lead to hacking or copying of data such as pictures and contacts.
90
What is the purpose of **Airplane mode**?
Disconnecting wireless cellular and Bluetooth connections ## Footnote It instantly shuts off these connections on mobile devices.
91
How can you enable **Airplane mode** on an iPhone?
* Open Settings and tap Airplane Mode * Access Control Center and tap the airplane icon ## Footnote The cellular icon switches from green (on) to gray (off) when activated.
92
How can you enable **Airplane mode** on an Android device?
* Go to Settings > Connections * Swipe down in quick settings and tap the airplane icon ## Footnote This disables cellular and Bluetooth connections.
93
What can you do with **Bluetooth** besides connecting devices?
* Transfer pictures * Transfer videos * Transfer contacts ## Footnote This is done by setting up an ad hoc network and using a Bluetooth sharing app.
94
What are the two reasons to **disable Bluetooth** on mobile devices?
* Runs down battery faster * Security precaution ## Footnote Enabling Bluetooth can make devices vulnerable to bluejacking and bluesnarfing.
95
Define **bluejacking**.
Sending harmless messages to your device via Bluetooth ## Footnote Think of it as Bluetooth spam.
96
Define **bluesnarfing**.
Connecting to your device without knowledge to access data ## Footnote This can lead to hacking or copying of data such as pictures and contacts.
97
What is the purpose of **Airplane mode**?
Disconnecting wireless cellular and Bluetooth connections ## Footnote It instantly shuts off these connections on mobile devices.
98
How can you enable **Airplane mode** on an iPhone?
* Open Settings and tap Airplane Mode * Access Control Center and tap the airplane icon ## Footnote The cellular icon switches from green (on) to gray (off) when activated.
99
How can you enable **Airplane mode** on an Android device?
* Go to Settings > Connections * Swipe down in quick settings and tap the airplane icon ## Footnote This disables cellular and Bluetooth connections.
100
What can you do with **Bluetooth** besides connecting devices?
* Transfer pictures * Transfer videos * Transfer contacts ## Footnote This is done by setting up an ad hoc network and using a Bluetooth sharing app.
101
What are the two final concepts related to **mobile devices** that help expand their functionality and protect your data?
* Getting apps * Synchronizing your device ## Footnote These concepts are essential for enhancing the user experience and data security on mobile devices.
102
The first **BlackBerry smartphones** did not have additional apps to download. What was the primary reason for BlackBerry's decline?
Slowness to adapt to the change of allowing app downloads ## Footnote Newer devices offered customization options that BlackBerry failed to implement.
103
Downloading apps to mobile devices is now a common practice for users. What are two reasons users download apps?
* Increase productivity * Maintain sanity with distractions ## Footnote Apps serve various purposes, from enhancing work efficiency to providing entertainment.
104
Each mobile platform has its own specific **application store**. What is the application store for iOS devices?
Apple App Store ## Footnote Users access it by tapping the App Store icon on the home screen.
105
What is the application store for **Android-based devices**?
Google Play Store ## Footnote Users access it by tapping the Play Store app from the home page.
106
True or false: The Apple App Store and Google Play Store both allow users to search for specific apps and update the ones currently on their device.
TRUE ## Footnote Both stores provide categories for browsing and options for searching and updating apps.
107
What type of apps can users find in the **Apple App Store**?
* Free apps * Paid apps ## Footnote The App Store categorizes apps for easy navigation and selection.
108
Fill in the blank: The **Google Play Store** allows users to browse for apps, view popular apps, and _______.
search for apps ## Footnote This functionality enhances the user experience by making app discovery easier.
109
What should you do to **install an app** from the Google Play Store?
* Tap the app * View more information and reviews * Tap Install or Get ## Footnote If the app has additional in-app purchases, it will indicate the cost instead of the Install or Get button.
110
What are common reasons for receiving **unexpected charges** on a mobile bill?
* Using too much data * Roaming charges * In-app purchases ## Footnote These charges can accumulate quickly, especially during travel or through unintentional purchases.
111
True or false: **Roaming charges** are typically less expensive than standard data charges.
FALSE ## Footnote Roaming charges, especially internationally, can lead to significantly higher costs.
112
Fill in the blank: If you go over your data plan, the charge for extra data can be _______.
steep ## Footnote Users should monitor their data usage to avoid unexpected charges.
113
What can you do to protect yourself against **unexpected bills** while traveling?
* Understand your wireless plan * Increase your plan temporarily * Change phone settings to minimize damage ## Footnote Adjusting settings like turning off data roaming can help avoid extra charges.
114
In iOS 17, where can you go to manage your **cellular data settings**?
Settings > Cellular ## Footnote This section allows users to monitor data usage and adjust settings like data roaming.
115
What happened to the user's friend who let her son play **Candy Crush Saga**?
Received a bill for nearly $500 for in-app purchases ## Footnote This highlights the potential for significant charges from in-app purchases, especially with children using devices.
116
What are the **cellular data options** available on iOS 17?
* Turn off cellular data * Personal Hotspot * Wi-Fi Calling * SIM PIN * Delete eSIM * Add eSIM ## Footnote These options allow users to manage their cellular data settings effectively.
117
Where can **Android users** find cellular data options?
Settings > Connections ## Footnote Users can tap Mobile Networks to enable or disable roaming and manage data usage.
118
Using mobile data while roaming may result in **additional charges**. True or False?
TRUE ## Footnote It's important to be aware of potential extra costs when using data outside your home network.
119
What are the **two benefits** of synchronizing your device?
* Access files online or from your device * Backup of your files ## Footnote Synchronization ensures that important data is available and can be restored if needed.
120
iPhones and iPads can sync to **iCloud** or _______.
iTunes ## Footnote Users can manage setup and configuration options through Settings > your account > iCloud.
121
What should you configure to prevent unauthorized app purchases?
App store account and apps require a password ## Footnote This helps to control spending and manage app downloads effectively.
122
What is the **current period data usage** mentioned for cellular data?
186 GB ## Footnote This indicates the total amount of data used during the current billing period.
123
What is the **current period roaming data usage** mentioned?
2.97 GB ## Footnote This reflects the amount of data used while roaming during the current billing period.
124
What is the **data usage** for mobile data from April 1 to April 30?
23.45 MB ## Footnote This shows the specific amount of mobile data consumed during that time frame.
125
What is the **Wi-Fi data usage** mentioned from March 6 to April 3?
2.03 GB ## Footnote This indicates the total amount of data used over Wi-Fi during that period.
126
What is the primary function of **iCloud**?
To manage account storage and back up data ## Footnote iCloud allows users to free up storage, review recommended settings, and learn more about cloud services.
127
What must you do to access the **iTunes sync summary** on a desktop computer?
Plug in the device and click the phone icon ## Footnote This allows you to configure synchronization options for media or apps.
128
In Android, where do you go to set up **sync options**?
Settings > Accounts And Backup ## Footnote Options may vary depending on the device.
129
What technology do most **e-readers** use for their displays?
Electrophoretic ink (E Ink) ## Footnote E Ink is a proprietary type of electronic paper optimized for reading.
130
Fill in the blank: An **e-reader** is a device optimized for reading digital books, magazines, and newspapers, and is similar in size to a _______.
tablet ## Footnote E-readers differ from tablets in display type, storage, and battery life.
131
What are the two main advantages of **E Ink displays**?
* Longer battery life * Better readability in sunlight ## Footnote E Ink displays are often preferred for reading due to these advantages.
132
True or false: **E-readers** typically have larger onboard storage compared to tablets.
FALSE ## Footnote E-readers generally have smaller onboard storage than tablets.
133
What is the maximum storage capacity of the **iCloud** account mentioned?
5 GB ## Footnote Users can manage their storage and see how much is used.
134
What option allows you to back up your iPhone to **iCloud**?
Automatically Back Up ## Footnote Users can choose to back up to iCloud or to their local computer.
135
What is the **main advantage** of e-readers compared to other LCD displays?
Lower energy use, prolongs battery life ## Footnote Many e-readers can go several weeks between charges.
136
In what conditions are e-readers **easier to read**?
Bright conditions, such as sunlight ## Footnote This feature enhances usability outdoors.
137
What is the **trademark** name associated with E Ink technology?
E Ink Holdings, Inc. ## Footnote E Ink is also marketed under the name Vizplex.
138
What is the **most popular e-reader** mentioned?
Amazon Kindle ## Footnote Other e-readers include Kobo Clara, Onyx Boox, and Barnes & Noble Nook.
139
What is the typical **screen size** range for e-readers?
6" to 10" ## Footnote Specifications differ by manufacturer and model.
140
What is the typical **storage capacity** range for e-readers?
8GB to 64GB ## Footnote Storage capacity varies by model.
141
What is a common feature of e-readers that allows reading in dim-light settings?
Backlight ## Footnote This feature enhances reading comfort in low-light environments.
142
What connectivity options do most e-readers have?
* Wi-Fi * Cellular (maybe) ## Footnote Connectivity options may vary by model.
143
What do e-readers typically allow users to do with their titles?
Store titles in folders ## Footnote Kobo refers to these as shelves.
144
How do users typically acquire content for e-readers?
* Subscribe to a service * Pay for each item downloaded ## Footnote Users can choose their preferred method of acquiring content.
145
What year did e-reader sales peak?
2011 ## Footnote Sales have since declined due to the overlap between tablets and e-readers.
146
What are the two hottest topics in computing technology in the 2020s?
* Augmented Reality * Virtual Reality ## Footnote Advances in cloud technology have enabled their popularity.
147
Define **Augmented Reality**.
Enhances or modifies a user's current reality ## Footnote It adds information or entertainment without removing the user from reality.
148
Give an example of **Augmented Reality** in daily life.
* Warning on eyeglasses about dangerous intersections * Yellow line in football broadcasts * Tracking the puck in hockey games * Visualizing pitch speed in baseball ## Footnote These overlays enhance the viewing experience.
149
What popular game released in 2016 utilized **Augmented Reality**?
Pokémon Go ## Footnote Players tracked Pokémon using their smartphone's camera to overlay them on real-world backgrounds.
150
What is required for **Augmented Reality** to work?
* A screen (smartphone, television, eyeglasses, etc.) * Optional audio (speakers) ## Footnote Specialized hardware is typically not necessary.
151
Define **Virtual Reality**.
Creates an artificial environment for complete immersion ## Footnote Users wear VR goggles or headsets that block out light and display images.
152
In what year did VR headsets begin to gain popularity?
2012 ## Footnote This was marked by the Oculus company's Kickstarter project.
153
In what year did **Facebook** purchase **Oculus**?
2014 ## Footnote This acquisition marked a significant step in the development of virtual reality technology.
154
What is the name of the **VR headset** that hit the markets in 2016?
Oculus Rift ## Footnote The Oculus Rift became one of the most popular VR headsets.
155
Name two popular **VR headsets** mentioned in the text.
* Meta Quest * Vive Pro ## Footnote These headsets are part of a growing market for virtual reality technology.
156
What are the **minimum processor requirements** for the **Meta Quest 3**?
* Intel i5 * AMD Ryzen 5 1500x ## Footnote These specifications are necessary for optimal performance.
157
What is the **minimum memory requirement** for the **Meta Quest 3**?
8 GB ## Footnote Adequate memory is crucial for running VR applications smoothly.
158
What type of **displays** does the **Quest 3** have?
Two 4K OLED displays ## Footnote This contributes to the high-resolution experience in virtual reality.
159
What is the **resolution per eye** for the **Quest 3**?
2064 x 2208 ## Footnote High resolution enhances the clarity of the virtual environment.
160
What is the **field of view** for the **Quest 3**?
110-degree ## Footnote A wider field of view increases immersion in virtual reality.
161
True or false: **Smartphone-based VR headsets** provide higher quality than PC-based systems.
FALSE ## Footnote Smartphone-based headsets are generally regarded as inferior in quality.
162
What is the primary purpose of a **gaming console**?
To play games ## Footnote While they can perform other functions, their main focus is gaming.
163
What is a **controller** in the context of gaming consoles?
A special input device ## Footnote Controllers are designed specifically for gaming, unlike traditional keyboards and mice.
164
What are two additional functions of modern **gaming consoles**?
* Surf the web * Play movies on Blu-ray or DVD ## Footnote This versatility makes gaming consoles multipurpose entertainment devices.
165
What was the first generation of **home gaming consoles** that debuted in 1972?
Magnavox Odyssey ## Footnote It was a simple device that used a home television for display and had basic controllers.
166
What was the first home-based gaming console that went mainstream?
Pong ## Footnote Released in 1975, it featured two electronic paddles and a ball.
167
In what decade did **color graphics and sound** start to be introduced in gaming consoles?
Late 1970s and early 1980s ## Footnote This period saw the rise of companies like Atari, Coleco Vision, Nintendo, and Sega.
168
What was the first incredibly popular console released in 1983?
Nintendo Entertainment System ## Footnote It sold nearly 62 million units and was supported by an 8-bit processor.
169
Which console was released by Sony in 1994 that quickly took market dominance?
PlayStation ## Footnote This marked a significant shift in the gaming industry.
170
What was the next big entrant into the gaming console category after Sony's PlayStation?
Microsoft Xbox ## Footnote Released in 2001, it expanded the competition in the market.
171
What innovative feature did the **Nintendo Wii**, released in 2006, introduce?
Controller that detects player movement in three directions ## Footnote This added a new dimension to gameplay.
172
Name the **three major companies** that dominate the current gaming console market.
* Sony * Microsoft * Nintendo ## Footnote These companies produce the most recognized gaming consoles today.
173
What is the CPU speed of the **PlayStation 5**?
3.5 GHz 8-core AMD Zen 2 ## Footnote This contributes to its high performance in gaming.
174
What is the GPU performance of the **Xbox Series X**?
12 teraflops ## Footnote This makes it one of the most powerful gaming consoles available.
175
What type of display does the **Nintendo Switch OLED** have?
7.0" multitouch OLED touchscreen, 1280 x 720 ## Footnote This allows for portable gaming with high-quality visuals.
176
How much RAM does the **PlayStation 5** have?
16 GB ## Footnote This is essential for handling complex game graphics and processes.
177
What is the storage capacity of the **Xbox Series X**?
1 TB NVMe SSD ## Footnote This allows for extensive game storage and quick load times.
178
What type of optical drive does the **PlayStation 5** use?
4k Ultra HD Blu-ray ## Footnote This enhances the gaming experience with high-definition media.
179
What is the weight of the **Nintendo Switch OLED**?
0.71 lbs ## Footnote This lightweight design makes it highly portable.
180
What is a **teraflop**?
One trillion floating-point operations per second ## Footnote Flop is shorthand for floating-point operations, referring to math calculations done per second with floats.
181
How are **video card performance** and polygon movement related?
* Higher resolutions use more, smaller polygons * More powerful video cards can move more polygons faster ## Footnote Video game displays are composed of an array of polygons.
182
What does the **Internet of Things (IoT)** refer to?
A network of devices that can communicate and exchange data ## Footnote The term 'things' can refer to hardware, software, data, or services.
183
What was the first **smart device** according to IoT history?
A Coke machine at Carnegie Mellon University in 1982 ## Footnote It had sensors to detect when it needed to be refilled and when drinks were cold.
184
When was the term **Internet of Things** coined?
1999 ## Footnote The concept was still relatively underdeveloped at that time.
185
What technological advancements contributed to the rise of **IoT** around 2012?
* Smaller devices * Less expensive production * Common broadband Internet * Near-instantaneous global cellular communications ## Footnote These advancements made the IoT concept feasible.
186
What are some methods IoT-enabled devices can communicate?
* Wi-Fi * Bluetooth * Near-field communication (NFC) * Networks over power lines * Cellular * Satellite ## Footnote These methods allow devices to exchange data effectively.
187
What is the estimated number of IoT-enabled devices in 2024?
Between 15 billion to 17 billion ## Footnote Estimates suggest growth to between 30 billion and 50 billion by 2030.
188
What are some **consumer uses** of IoT devices?
* Control home devices remotely * Turn off lights from a phone * See and talk to visitors via doorbell cameras ## Footnote IoT devices enhance convenience and control in daily life.
189
How do users typically control multiple IoT devices?
Through a central coordinating device accessed via one app ## Footnote This approach avoids the frustration of managing multiple apps for different devices.
190
What are some popular **home assistant devices** for controlling IoT?
* Amazon Echo (Alexa) * Google Nest * Apple HomePod ## Footnote These devices can manage IoT devices and perform various tasks like setting reminders and playing music.
191
What form factors do home assistant devices come in?
* Hockey puck-like designs * Touchscreen displays ## Footnote They can sit on counters or be mounted on walls, resembling small tablet computers.
192
What is a **teraflop**?
One trillion floating-point operations per second ## Footnote It measures video card performance in terms of how many math calculations can be done per second with floats.
193
Higher resolutions in video games use more, smaller **polygons** in the same amount of space. True or False?
TRUE ## Footnote A more powerful video card can move around more polygons faster than a less-powerful version.
194
What does the **Internet of Things (IoT)** refer to?
A network of devices that can communicate with each other and exchange data ## Footnote The term 'things' can refer to hardware, software, data, or services.
195
The first **smart device** is believed to be a Coke machine at which university?
Carnegie Mellon University ## Footnote This machine could detect when it needed to be refilled and when drinks were cold.
196
In what year was the term **Internet of Things** coined?
1999 ## Footnote The concept was still relatively undeveloped at that time.
197
What technological advancements around **2012** contributed to the growth of IoT?
* Devices became smaller * Less expensive to produce * Broadband Internet became common * Global cellular communications became nearly instantaneous ## Footnote These changes made the IoT concept feasible.
198
What are some methods IoT-enabled devices can communicate using?
* Wi-Fi * Bluetooth * Near-field communication (NFC) * Networks over power lines * Cellular * Satellite ## Footnote These methods allow for various forms of data exchange between devices.
199
By 2024, how many IoT-enabled devices were estimated to be in the world?
Between 15 billion to 17 billion ## Footnote Growth estimates suggest this could reach between 30 billion and 50 billion by 2030.
200
What is a common consumer use of IoT devices in the home?
Controlling devices remotely through a smartphone ## Footnote Examples include turning off lights or communicating through a doorbell.
201
True or False: Each IoT device must have its own app for control.
FALSE ## Footnote IoT devices are often controlled through a central coordinating device accessible via one app.
202
Name three popular **home assistant devices** that manage IoT devices.
* Amazon Echo (Alexa) * Google Nest (Hey, Google) * Apple HomePod (Hey, Siri) ## Footnote These devices can help with reminders, emails, music, and managing IoT devices.
203
What form do many IoT control devices take?
They look like a hockey puck or a small tablet computer ## Footnote Some have fancy touchscreen displays and can be mounted on walls.
204
What is a major consideration when purchasing an **IoT device**?
**Compatibility** with the controlling device ## Footnote Ensuring that the IoT device can connect and work seamlessly with other devices is crucial for functionality.
205
Name some **household uses** of IoT devices.
* Home entertainment systems * Heating and cooling * Home appliances * Small appliances ## Footnote These applications enhance convenience and efficiency in daily life.
206
What segment of IoT devices is considered the **largest** on the market today?
**Home entertainment systems** ## Footnote This includes smart TVs and streaming media devices that connect to various services.
207
Examples of **streaming media devices** include:
* Roku * Amazon Fire * Apple TV * Chromecast * NVIDIA SHIELD ## Footnote These devices allow users to access streaming services and content on their televisions.
208
True or false: All **smart TVs** are equally capable and portable.
FALSE ## Footnote Not all smart TVs have the same features, and large televisions are typically not portable.
209
What is a **smart thermostat** capable of doing?
* Remotely accessible * Basic learning based on weather and preferences ## Footnote Popular brands include Google Nest, Amazon Smart, ecobee, LG, and Honeywell.
210
What can a **smart refrigerator** do?
* Notify when out of milk * Automatically add items to grocery list * Suggest recipes based on ingredients ## Footnote These features enhance the functionality of traditional appliances.
211
Fill in the blank: **Programmable thermostats** have been around for more than ______ years.
30 ## Footnote They have evolved into smart thermostats with advanced features.
212
What types of **small appliances** can be part of the IoT?
* Smart coffee makers * Toasters * Blenders ## Footnote These appliances can be controlled remotely, enhancing user convenience.
213
What are some examples of **IoT devices** covered in the Household Uses section?
* Home appliances * Home automation devices * Security systems * Deadbolts/door locks * Video doorbells * IP security cameras * Streaming media devices * Home assistants ## Footnote These devices serve various purposes in enhancing home convenience and security.
214
True or false: **Smart security systems** require professional installation only.
FALSE ## Footnote Some systems are geared toward the do-it-yourself market, allowing for easier installation.
215
Name some **popular smart security system** brands.
* Ring * Vivint * Adobe Home Security * ADT Pulse * Simplisafe ## Footnote These brands offer various components for smart home security.
216
What components are typically included in most **smart security systems**?
* Video doorbell camera * IP security cameras * Deadbolts or door locks * Motion sensors * Gas and smoke detectors * Garage door openers * Lighting controls * Centralized management hub * Touchscreen panels ## Footnote These components can often be controlled from a smartphone.
217
Fill in the blank: **Smart wall outlets** enable you to turn devices plugged into them _______.
on or off ## Footnote They also allow monitoring of energy usage.
218
What are some **consumer applications** of smart devices beyond the home?
* Modern vehicles * Fitness-monitoring devices * Medical devices * Exercise equipment * Wearable devices ## Footnote These applications highlight the versatility of smart technology.
219
How were vehicles controlled thirty years ago compared to today?
Vehicles were controlled through mechanical means, whereas today they are controlled through an elaborate network of computers ## Footnote This shift has led to enhanced functionalities such as power transfer to wheels and adaptive systems.
220
What are some **new enhancements** found in modern vehicles?
* Collision avoidance systems * Adaptive cruise control * Automated parallel parking * Interactive video displays ## Footnote These features improve safety and convenience for drivers.
221
What are some potential downsides of the **technological innovations** in modern vehicles?
* Increased repair costs * Susceptibility to hackers ## Footnote Innovations can complicate repairs and introduce security vulnerabilities.
222
What is the **Internet of Things** (IoT) primarily responsible for enabling in modern vehicles?
Self-driving cars ## Footnote Companies like Uber, Google, and Tesla are working on self-driving technology, made possible by IoT.
223
True or false: The odds of having your vehicle hacked are very high.
FALSE ## Footnote While the odds are low, the consequences of vehicle hacking can be severe.
224
What could hackers potentially do to a vehicle if they gain access?
* Shut off the engine * Render brakes inoperable ## Footnote These actions could lead to dangerous situations on the road.
225
Name some **popular brands** of fitness and health devices that are IoT-compatible.
* Fitbit * Garmin * Polar * Apple Watch * Jawbone ## Footnote These brands initially focused on small, wearable devices.
226
What is a recent development in IoT fitness devices?
IoT-enabled exercise equipment ## Footnote This includes smart exercise mirrors that display workout programs and monitor movements.
227
What does **PII** stand for in the context of data security?
Personally identifiable information ## Footnote Companies must enact controls to protect PII.
228
What is the subset of PII that specifically governs health data?
Personal health information (PHI) ## Footnote PHI is protected under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the U.S.
229
True or false: Fitness and health monitors are typically subject to HIPAA regulations.
FALSE ## Footnote Fitness devices are generally not subject to PHI requirements.
230
What is one way IoT can benefit the **medical industry**?
* Connecting critical electronics like pacemakers * Monitoring vital signs remotely ## Footnote These connections allow for efficient monitoring of patients.
231
How has **manufacturing** changed with the introduction of IoT?
* Increased automation * Use of artificial intelligence (AI) ## Footnote IoT enables smarter robots that can adjust and monitor production rates.
232
What can sensors in manufacturing machines do?
* Monitor production rates * Alert technicians to worn or failing components ## Footnote This allows for proactive maintenance before failures occur.
233
What is the **Internet of Things (IoT)** primarily used for in manufacturing?
* Instantaneous tracking of inventory * Adjusting production based on real-time customer demand ## Footnote Smart systems can optimize manufacturing processes by monitoring inventory and demand.
234
In what year did a **self-driving truck** complete a 120-mile trip delivering beer?
2016 ## Footnote This marked one of the first successful trips by an autonomous truck.
235
What is one application of IoT in **traffic management**?
* Monitoring traffic congestion * Setting variable speed limits * Electronic toll collection ## Footnote IoT can enhance traffic flow and safety through real-time data.
236
What tragic event in 2007 highlighted the need for infrastructure monitoring?
The collapse of an interstate bridge in Minnesota ## Footnote This incident resulted in 13 deaths and 145 injuries, emphasizing the importance of infrastructure maintenance.
237
How can **IoT sensors** improve infrastructure safety?
* Monitoring stress and strain on structures * Assessing damage in earthquake-prone areas * Monitoring railroad tracks and tunnels ## Footnote These applications can prevent disasters by ensuring timely repairs.
238
What are some benefits of **smart cities** using IoT?
* Tracking traffic flows * Improving air and water quality * Monitoring power usage ## Footnote Residents can access real-time information about their environment.
239
True or false: There is a single governing body for **IoT standards**.
FALSE ## Footnote Multiple organizations are working on various standards, leading to potential interoperability challenges.
240
Name two organizations involved in developing **IoT standards**.
* U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) * Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ## Footnote These organizations focus on different aspects of IoT communications and data transmission.
241
What are two major concerns regarding **IoT devices**?
* Data security * User privacy ## Footnote The collection of personal information by IoT devices raises significant security and privacy issues.
242
Fill in the blank: The **collapse of an interstate bridge** in Minnesota in 2007 highlighted the need for __________.
infrastructure monitoring ## Footnote This event underscored the importance of regular maintenance and upgrades.
243
What is a potential risk associated with the widespread use of **electronic devices**?
Security vulnerabilities ## Footnote The prevalence of devices increases the likelihood of data breaches and privacy concerns.
244
What is one benefit of **smartwatches** for children?
Parents can track their child's location using apps such as: * Life360 * CPS Location Tracker * Canary * mSpy ## Footnote This tracking capability raises concerns about privacy and security.
245
In October 2017, a **security flaw** was exposed in certain smartwatches for children. What could hackers do with this flaw?
* Identify the wearer's location * Listen in on conversations * Communicate directly with the wearer ## Footnote Although no breach was reported, the potential for misuse is concerning.
246
True or false: **Data security** and **privacy** are the same concepts.
FALSE ## Footnote Data security refers to confidentiality, availability, and integrity, while privacy relates to the appropriate use of data.
247
What does **data security** specifically ensure?
* Confidentiality * Availability * Integrity ## Footnote These aspects ensure that data is protected from unauthorized access and remains reliable.
248
When providing data to a company, what should be specified regarding its use?
The purposes for which it can be used ## Footnote Companies cannot sell your data to others without prior approval.
249
What is a potential risk when companies gather a lot of information about individuals?
Potential security risks due to data storage ## Footnote The more connected devices become, the more data companies will collect.
250
What can companies do with the massive quantities of data generated by IoT-enabled devices?
They can: * Mine the data * Translate it into actionable insights ## Footnote Companies that effectively utilize data will have a competitive advantage.
251
Fill in the blank: **IoT-enabled devices generate a lot of ________**.
data ## Footnote This data is often stored in cloud-based solutions.
2.0 Infrastructure
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