What is the Global Shift?
The movement of manufacturing and services from the West to East, which stems from a combination of offshoring, outsourcing and business start-ups.
Why is Globalization creating a global culture?
- Cultural Diffusion: which is caused by TNCs, global media corporations, tourism and migration.
- Cultural Erosion: a threat of cultures as they begin to forget their native cultures in favor of more western ideologies.
How does globalization change people’s diets?
- People in Asia are increasingly eating more western diets.
- In 2015, China became the world’s biggest processed food consumer.
What are the negatives of changing diets?
- Huge increase in meat demand
thus impacting the environment as cattle ranching is a major methane emiiter
What are anti-globalization groups?
Oppose child labor, tax avoidance & environmental damage of TNCs.
Papua New Guinea Case Study
- Over 7000 cultural groups, with their own language.
- 1 in 4 of these languages could be lost as people migrate to cities as their language less.
Why is international migration increased and caused by?
International migration has increased in cities and regions that are global hubs.
What is elite migration?
- Wealthy & highly skilled migrants bring investment & capital to the host country.
What are global hubs?
Highly globally-connected city/region.
What is low-wage migration
Where low-skilled migrants fill skill gaps in the host country and send remittances back to their source country.
What are the pros and cons on a host country in terms of low-wage migration?
- Fill skills gaps, increase in diversity and culture + benefit the economy
- Possible strain in services and housing, social tensions and political issues
What are the pros and cons on a source country in terms of low-wage migration?
- Remittances sent back to families, learn transferrable skills.
- Brain drain, elderly left behind, spiral of decline as services used less.
Why are rural-urban migration is increasing rapidly?
- Megacities are growing rapidly due to the rural-urban migration
- By 2050, 3/4 of us will live in cities by urbanization.
What is a megacity?
A city of a population of 10 million or more people.
What are the push factors of migration?
- Poverty
- Land reform
- Natural disasters
- Conflict
- Droughts
- Unemployment
What are the pull factors of migration?
- Jobs
- Better facilities
- Safety
- Housing
- Transport
What are remittances?
When migrants send it home as part of their earnings in a form of goods to their families.
Outsourcing Case Study: India Biography
- Large educated & English-speaking ppopulation
- Government has invested in infrastructure to attract TNCs
Outsourcing Case Study: India Result
Workers earn middle class wages = disposable incomes adds ~ $150 billion to the economy some workers may be exploited repetitive work.
What has global shift done as a result of deindustrialization?
- Global shift has resulted in a lot of unemployment as manufacturing industries relocated from West to the East.
- During the 1970s, many factory workers in Europe & the USA lost their jobs due to deindustrialization
Deindustrialization Case Study: Detroit
- 4th largest city in the USA due to Ford & General Motors - when they left, the population fell from 1.5M in 1960 to 0.7M in 2012.
- City was declared bankrupt in 2014 one of the highest crime levels in the USA.
