2.2 - Ionic Bonding

Question 1

Atoms can ______ or ______ electrons to become charged particles called ______.

Answer 1

Atoms can gain or lose electrons to become charged particles called ions.

Question 2

Choose the correct description of how a lithium atom becomes a lithium ion.

1. Lithium gains one electron to become a positively charged ion
2. Lithium loses an electron to become a positively charged ion
3. Lithium gains a proton to become a positively charged ion

Answer 2

2. Lithium loses an electron to become a positively charged ion

Question 3

The group 1 metal potassium reacts with the group 7 halogen iodine.

Which atom receives an electron?

Answer 3

Iodine

Question 4

Ions with ______ charges will attract each other.

This force of attraction between ______ charged ions forms an ______ bond.

Answer 4

Ions with opposite charges will attract each other.

This force of attraction between oppositely charged ions forms an ionic bond.

Question 5

Oppositely charged ions ______ each other. This is called an ______ force. This same force is also what attracts protons to electrons within atoms and ions

Answer 5

Oppositely charged ions attract each other. This is called an electrostatic force. This same force is also what attracts protons to electrons within atoms and ions.

Question 6

le epik tip

Answer 6

Tip: When drawing dot and cross diagrams, remember to surround the ion with square brackets and put the charge in the top right corner.

Make sure you arrange the ions in a way that reflects which charges will be attracted to each other. For example, you would place chloride ions on either side of a magnesium ion, because they’ll be attracted to the positive charge.

Question 7

What are the three types of chemical bond?

Answer 7

Ionic bonds, Covalent bonds, and Metallic bonds

Question 8

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 8

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 9

Why do atoms form ions?

Answer 9

Atoms form ions so that they can gain a full outer shell of electrons, which makes them more stable

Question 10

Describe how an ionic bond forms between a metal atom and a non-metal atom.

Answer 10

1. The metal atom will transfer one or more electrons to the non-metal atom so that both have full outer shells.
2. This will make the metal a positive ion, and the non-metal a negative ion.
3. The two oppositely charged ions will then be strongly attracted by electrostatic forces.
4. This electrostatic attraction is called an ionic bond