2.2 membrane

Question 1

hypertonic solution

Answer 1

more solute outside of cell. This sucks water out of cell. Net movement out of cell

Question 2

what do you call an animal cell in hypertonic solution?

Answer 2

crenated

Question 3

what do you call a plant cell in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 3

plasmolysed

Question 4

isotonic solution

Answer 4

There are equal amounts of solution both inside and outside of cell. no net movement.

Question 5

hypotonic

Answer 5

there is more solute inside cell. There is net movement into cell.

Question 6

what do you call an animal cell in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 6

lysed

Question 7

what do you call a plant cell in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 7

turgid

Question 8

what can pass through membrane passively

Answer 8

small nonpolar/polar molecules

Question 9

what prevents large ions and polar molecules?

Answer 9

hydrophobic nonpolar core of membrane

Question 10

passive

Answer 10

requires no atp- goes down concentration gradient

Question 11

3 kinds of passive transport

Answer 11

1. simple diffusion
2. osmosis
3. facilitated diffusion

Question 12

simple diffusion

Answer 12

small molecules diffuse through membrane

Question 13

osmosis

Answer 13

water diffuses through membrane

Question 14

facilitated diffusion

Answer 14

transports substances using channel proteins and carrier proteins

Question 15

channel proteins

Answer 15

ion channels and aquaporins. only allows the flow of specific ions and water.

Question 16

carrier proteins

Answer 16

binds with larger and uniquely shaped substances, changes shape and passes them through.

Question 17

active transport

Answer 17

requires atp- against the concentration gradient

Question 18

3 types of active transport

Answer 18

1. na/k electrogenic pumps
2. proton pump
3. cotransport

Question 19

na/k electrogenic pumps

Answer 19

pumps na out brings k in. cycles like this

Question 20

proton pump

Answer 20

pushes h+ ion across membrane

Question 21

cotransport

Answer 21

downhill diffusion drives uphill transport

Question 22

why would you need active transport?

Answer 22

if there is a higher concentration of a necessary molecule inside the cell.

Question 23

endocytosis

Answer 23

takes in molecules, forms vesicles

Question 24

exocytosis

Answer 24

vesicles fuse with cell membrane and are released out.

Question 25

3 types of endocytosis

Answer 25

1. phagocytosis- taking in solid 2. pinocytosis-taking in liquid 3. receptor- binds to receptors to enter