2.4

Question 1

(eq) what is ground shaking

Answer 1

when earth releases seismic energy that is felt as vibrations

Question 2

(eq) soil liquefaction

Answer 2

occurs when violent ground shaking causes saturated loose soil to lose its soil structure and transform into a thick liquid

Question 3

(eq) landslides

Answer 3

occur as violent vibration from earthquakes form cracks on steep slopes, loosening rocks and soil, triggering loose rocks and soil to move downslope

Question 4

(eq) tsunami

Answer 4

a series of ocean waves that are caused by undersea earthquakes. tsunamis can travel over thousands of kilometers and devastate huge areas of coastlines

Question 5

(v) tephra

Answer 5

airborne pyroclastic materials ejected during the course of an erruption

Question 6

(v8 volcanic gases

Answer 6

volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of toxic gases like sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide

Question 7

(v) pyroclastic flows

Answer 7

a hot cloud of gas, ash and rocks travelling down the slopes of the volcano at great speeds (more than 200km/h) and typically travels several kilometres

Question 8

(v) lava flow

Answer 8

lava flows are extremely hot and can travel over some distances within the geographical region of the volcano (does not cause death directly as people can move out of its way)

Question 9

(v) lahar

Answer 9

mudflow comprising of water and volcanic ash, formed when hughe amounts of ash and rocks during an eruption mid with water. lahars travel at high speeds (up to 200km/h) and over considerable distances within geographical region of volcano

Question 10

(v) volcanic landslide

Answer 10

common oj tall and steep volcanic cones that comprise of thousands of solidifies layers of lava and loose tephra. explosive eruption can trigger downward movement of loose volcanic material that causes landslides.