2.4 Network Services

Question 1

What does DNS stand for?

Answer 1

Domain Name System

Question 2

DNS servers are usually managed by…?

Answer 2

the ISP or IT department (it’s a critical resource)

Question 3

DNS relies on one server. T or F?

Answer 3

False, the load is balanced across many different servers

Question 4

What does a DHCP server do?

Answer 4

automatic IP address configuration

Question 5

DHCP servers can be found on what home device?

Answer 5

Common service available on most home routers

Question 6

Enterprise DHCP servers will be _____

Answer 6

redundant (running on central servers)

Question 7

What is a file server?

Answer 7

a centralized storage of documents, spreadsheets, videos, pictures and other files

Question 8

What are file servers used by Microsoft and Apple? (2)

Answer 8

1. SMB Server Message Block Microsoft
2. AFP Apple Filing Protocol

Question 9

What are print servers used for?

Answer 9

connects a printer to the network to provide printing services to all network devices

Question 10

What are 2 ways that printer servers can appear as?

Answer 10

1. Software in a computer (computer is connected to the printer)
2. Built into the printer (has network adapter and software)

Question 11

What are the 3 standard printing protocols?

Answer 11

1. Server Message Block
2. IPP (Internet Printing Protocol)
3. LPD (Line Printer Daemon)

Question 12

What’s the purpose of a mail server?

Answer 12

Stores incoming mail, sends outgoing mail

Question 13

Who usually manages a mail server?

Answer 13

usually managed by the ISP or IT department

(one of the most important services, 24/7 support)

Question 14

what is syslog?

Answer 14

the standard for message logging

(needs A LOT of disk space)

Question 15

What are 6 Load balancer features?

Answer 15

1. Configurable - manage across servers
2. TCP offload - Protocol overhead
3. SSL offload - Encryption/Decryption
4. Caching - Fast Response
5. Prioritization - QoS
6. Content Switching - application-centric balancing

Question 16

What is a proxy server?

Answer 16

An intermediate server

(proxy -> intermediary)

Question 17

How does a proxy server work? (3 steps)

Answer 17

1. The client makes the request to the proxy
2. Proxy performs the actual client request
3. Proxy provides results back to the client

Question 18

What are 4 useful features of having a proxy server?

Answer 18

1. Access control
2. Caching
3. URL filtering
4. Content scanning

Question 19

What does SCADA stand for?

Answer 19

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System

Question 20

What does ICS stand for?

Answer 20

Industrial Control Systems

Question 21

What is SCADA/ICS used fo?

Answer 21

PC manages equipment (power, equipment, facilities, real-time information, requires segmentation)

Question 22

What does a Web server do?

Answer 22

Responds to browser requests

Question 23

Web pages are built using what?

Answer 23

HTML/HTML 5

Question 24

Where are web pages stored?

Answer 24

On the Web server

Question 25

What are 2 ways that web pages appear on the browser?

Answer 25

They are downloaded to the browser and appear as: 1. Static pages 2. Built dynamically in real-time

Question 26

Authentication servers are almost always an...

Answer 26

enterprise service (not required on a home network)

Question 27

What are authentication servers used for?

Answer 27

To authenticate the login to access resources (centralized management)

Question 28

Authentication servers are usually a set of....

Answer 28

redundant servers (always available, important service)

Question 29

What is Spam?

Answer 29

Unsolicited emails, messages, etc

Question 30

Spam can come in what 3 forms?

Answer 30

1. Commercial advertising 2. Non-commercial proselytizing 3. Phishing attempts

Question 31

What are spam gateways? What 2 forms does it appear as? (2)

Answer 31

Stop unsolicited email at te gateway before it reaches the user (on-site or cloud-based)

Question 32

What do load balancers do?

Answer 32

Distributes the load (of multiple servers) and are invisible to the end-user

Question 33

What do large-scale load balancer implementations look like?

Answer 33

Web server farms, database farms

Question 34

What's the advantage of using load balancers for outages?

Answer 34

Server outages have no effect

Question 35

What are 2 meanings for "Legacy" systems?

Answer 35

1. Really old 2. Really important

Question 36

What are embedded systems?

Answer 36

Purpose-built device, doesn't usually have direct access to the operating system

Question 37

What are 3 examples of an embedded system?

Answer 37

1. Alarm system 2. Door security 3. Time card system

Question 38

What are IoT devices? (Internet of Things)

Answer 38

Appliances, smart devices, air control, smart doorbells that use the Internet

Question 39

How do you prevent security breaches using IoT devices?

Answer 39

Segment the network from the rest