27-9

Question 1

The population of megacities grew at an astonishing rate in the 20th century.

Answer 1

phát triển với tốc độ kinh ngạc

Question 2

Urban roads have become increasingly congested due to car ownership.

Answer 2

ngày càng tắc nghẽn

Question 3

The expansion of the railway network boosted both trade and commuting.

Answer 3

mở rộng mạng lưới đường sắt

Question 4

Poor planning often results in long-term environmental damage.

Answer 4

dẫn đến

Question 5

Railway stations formed a ring around the City to control traffic.

Answer 5

bao quanh thành phố

Question 6

Many migrants were forced to live in poorly built, overcrowded slums.

Answer 6

khu ổ chuột xây dựng kém, quá đông

Question 7

In the past, horse-drawn traffic filled the streets of London.

Answer 7

xe ngựa kéo

Question 8

Tourists can still ride a horse-drawn carriage in some cities.

Answer 8

xe ngựa kéo

Question 9

During rush hour, crossing the city became a nightmare.

Answer 9

việc đi qua thành phố trở thành ác mộng

Question 10

Numerous schemes were proposed to reduce pollution.

Answer 10

nhiều kế hoạch được đưa ra

Question 11

He was one of the most vocal advocates for free education.

Answer 11

người ủng hộ mạnh mẽ

Question 12

Public transport offers significant social and economic advantages.

Answer 12

lợi ích xã hội và kinh tế

Question 13

Authorities tried to clear slums and replace them with modern housing.

Answer 13

giải tỏa khu ổ chuột

Question 14

The government planned to relocate workers to the suburbs.

Answer 14

di dời công nhân

Question 15

Many families moved to newly constructed suburbs.

Answer 15

vùng ngoại ô mới xây dựng

Question 16

Policies aim to provide cheap rail travel for low-income groups.

Answer 16

cung cấp vé tàu giá rẻ

Question 17

His innovative idea gained support from the local council.

Answer 17

nhận được sự ủng hộ

Question 18

The minister submitted a plan to Parliament last year.

Answer 18

đệ trình kế hoạch lên Quốc hội

Question 19

The two firms merged and established a new company.

Answer 19

sáp nhập và thành lập công ty

Question 20

They struggled to raise funding for the project.

Answer 20

huy động vốn

Question 21

Building a new subway system is a radical and expensive scheme.

Answer 21

kế hoạch táo bạo và tốn kém

Question 22

Critical articles printed by the press damaged the project’s image.

Answer 22

bài báo chỉ trích

Question 23

Objectors argued that the tunnels would collapse.

Answer 23

những người phản đối cho rằng

Question 24

She persisted in campaigning despite criticism.

Answer 24

kiên trì làm gì

Question 25

Several banks invested in the scheme.

Answer 25

đầu tư vào dự án

Question 26

They used recycled bricks to minimise the expense of construction.

Answer 26

giảm thiểu chi phí của

Question 27

The new stadium’s construction took three years.

Answer 27

việc xây dựng kéo dài 3 năm

Question 28

The metro line was built using the cut and cover technique.

Answer 28

kỹ thuật đào mở rồi lấp

Question 29

Timber beams were used to support the trench.

Answer 29

dầm gỗ

Question 30

A brick arch was added to strengthen the tunnel.

Answer 30

vòm gạch

Question 31

Workers dug a wide trench for the foundation.

Answer 31

rãnh, hố đào

Question 32

A layer of soil was placed on top of the tunnel.

Answer 32

lớp đất

Question 33

Engineers had to rebuild the road above the tunnel.

Answer 33

xây lại đường phía trên

Question 34

London built the world’s first underground railway.

Answer 34

tuyến đường sắt ngầm đầu tiên trên thế giới

Question 35

Buses can carry thousands of passengers daily.

Answer 35

chở hành khách

Question 36

The system attracted millions of users in its first year of operation.

Answer 36

năm hoạt động đầu tiên

Question 37

The government authorised extensions to the metro line.

Answer 37

phê duyệt việc mở rộng

Question 38

The company used specially designed locomotives.

Answer 38

đầu máy được thiết kế đặc biệt

Question 39

The engines were fitted with water tanks for steam.

Answer 39

gắn kèm thùng nước

Question 40

Ventilation shafts reduced smoke in the tunnels.

Answer 40

trục thông gió

Question 41

Traffic congestion worsened as more people bought cars.

Answer 41

tình trạng tắc nghẽn trầm trọng hơn

Question 42

The early metro lines did not cross the capital’s centre.

Answer 42

không cắt ngang trung tâm thủ đô

Question 43

Engineers decided to tunnel deep underground.

Answer 43

đào hầm sâu dưới lòng đất

Question 44

Working in a confined space requires safety measures.

Answer 44

không gian hạn chế

Question 45

The development of a reliable electric motor enabled modern transport.

Answer 45

sự phát triển của động cơ điện đáng tin cậy

Question 46

Cables transfer power from the generator to the train.

Answer 46

truyền năng lượng từ máy phát đến tàu

Question 47

The invention was regarded as a major technical achievement.

Answer 47

thành tựu kỹ thuật

Question 48

Despite high demand, the company did not make a profit.

Answer 48

không sinh lợi

Question 49

The Central London Railway was known as the Tuppenny Tube.

Answer 49

Tuyến đường sắt Trung tâm London

Question 50

Smartphones have become popular worldwide.

Answer 50

trở nên phổ biến

Question 51

New extensions were added to the underground network.

Answer 51

mở rộng mạng lưới

Question 52

By 1907, the heart of today’s Underground system was in place.

Answer 52

lõi của hệ thống hiện nay