A cause =
Effect
Outcomes can have ______ causes
Multiple
What is a cause?
“ an event, condition or characteristic [or a combination of these factors] that plays an essential role in producing an occurrence of the disease”
The causal pie model
Nessasary cause
Best CDs
• Biological plausibility
• Experimental evidence
• Specificity
• Temporal sequence
• Consistency
• Dose-response relationship
• Strength of association
BEST CDS