Arteries to foregut, midgut, hindgut?
foregut: celiac trunk
midgut: IMA
hideout: SMA
Disorder characterized by excess gastrin?
Zollinger Ellinson Syndrome
Characteristic finding on EM of dendritic cell with langerhans histiocytosis?
Birbeck granules (look like tennis rackets!)
2 low potency typical antipsychotics:
What are the main ADRs associated?
- Chlorpromazine
- Thioridazine
Anticholinergic ADRs: sedation, dry mouth, ilius, urine retention
5 high potency typical antipsychotics:
What are the ADRs associated (3)?
- Haloperidol
- Fluphenezine
- Loxapine
- Thiothixane
- Trifluoperazine
ADRs: Extrapyramidal effects (excess anti-dopaminergic); Movement disorders (Tardive Dyskanisia); Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
List 5 Atypical antipsychotics:
What are some ADRs associated with these drugs?
- Olazapine (#1 for DM, metabolic syndrome, weight^^)
- Quetiapine (#1 for parkinson asstd. psychosis)
- Risperidone
- Aripiprazole
- Clozapine (Most potent, but causes AGRANULOCYTOSIS)
ADRs: All can cause some degree of weight gain
4 Therapeutic applications for antipsychotic drugs?
- Psychosis
- Acute Mania
- Tourette Syndrome
- Agitation
What are the three drugs we use to treat tourette syndrome?
^ potency neuroleptics:
Fluphenazine, pimazole
Antidopaminergics:
terabenazne
Describe the timeline of neuroleptic ADRs:
1st few days: Acute Dystonia, Torticollis–>
1 mos: Parkinsonism–>
2 mos: Akathisia (restlessness)–>
Several mos/ years: Tardive dyskanisia
Describe Tardive Dyskininesia:
- NOT extrapyramidal SE
- IRREVERSIBLE, LATE movement disorder associated with HIGH potency neuroleptics
- Characterized by lip smacking and stuffs
What is Neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
5 Features and treatment:
- Delirium
- ANS instability
- MSK rigidity–> Myoglobinuria + Hyperpyrexia
STOP DRUG and Give DANTROLINE or BROMOCRIPTINE
Drug that causes agranulocytosis?
Clozapine: most potent atypical antipsychotic, highly effective and highly dangerous; requires weekly CBCs
