29- polymerisation

Question 1

what is a condensation reaction

Answer 1

when two molecules react together and a small molecule of water or hydrogen chloride is eliminated

Question 2

what is the polyester linkage

Answer 2

the ester linkage -COOH-

Question 3

how are polyesters made

Answer 3

by reacting diols and dicarboxylic acids

Question 4

what is the polyester terylene made from

Answer 4

benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid and ethane-1,2-diol

Question 5

how are polyamides formed

Answer 5

when an diaminoalkane and a dicarboxylic acid react together

Question 6

what is the polyamides linkage

Answer 6

amide linkage -CONH-

Question 7

how is nylon-6,6 formed

Answer 7

it is made from 1,6-diaminohexane and hexane-1,6-dicarboxylic acid

Question 8

how do you speed up the formation of nylon-6,6

Answer 8

you use diacid chloride instead of the dicarboxylic acid, in this case hydrogen chloride is eliminated

Question 9

how do you form kevlar

Answer 9

by reacting benzene-1,4-diamine and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid

Question 10

what makes kevlar to strong

Answer 10

the rigid chains and the ability of the flat aromatic rings to pack together held by strong intermolecular forces

Question 11

how are poly(ethane) and poly(propene) disposed of

Answer 11

usually in landfill sites or by incineration
some may be melted down and remolded

Question 12

how are poly(alkenes) disposed of

Answer 12

they can be burnt to carbon dioxide and water to produce energy, although poisonous CO may be released due to incomplete combustion

Question 13

how are condensation polymers like polyesters and polyamides disposed of

Answer 13

they can be broken down by hydrolysis