2A - Evolution

Question 1

What is a Niche?

Answer 1

Role in an environment

Question 2

What is an Organism?

Answer 2

Individual of a species

Question 3

Organism groups in order of least complex to most complex?

Answer 3

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 4

Three domains of life

Answer 4

Bacteria, Eukarya, Archea.

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

• Prokaryotic, unicellular organisms
• Lack membrane bound cells
• Reproducea sexually
• Heterotrophic by absorbtion
• Autotrophic by chemo or photosynthesis
• Move using flagella
• “binary fission” = cloning to reproduce

Question 6

What are Eukarya?

Answer 6

• Eukaryotic, unicellular to multicellular organisms
• Membrane bound nucleus
• Sexual reproduction
• Phenotypes and nutrition are diverse
• Each kingdom has specializations
• Flagella, if present, have a 9+2 organization.

Question 7

What are the four kingdoms within the domain or Eukarya?

Answer 7

Protisa, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

Question 8

Whats some more information on Protisa?

Answer 8

• “Protists”
• Often parasitic
• between a plant and an animal cell
• mostly multicellular, sometimes unicellular

Question 9

How do you classify/ name organisms?

Answer 9

• Bimomial nomenclature
• Includes the organisms genus and species, usually in latin
• Genus goes first and is capitalized
• Species os second and is little letters
• ITALICIZED OR UNDERLINED

Question 10

What are Archea?

Answer 10

-Prokaryotic unicellular organisms
- Lack member bound nucleus
- Many are autotrophic by chemosynthesis, some are heterotrophic by absorbtion
- Unique RNA base sequence
- Distinctive plasma membraine and cell wall chemistry
- Extremophiles

Question 11

dichotomous key

Answer 11

A dichotomous key is a branched or stepped process that can
be used to identify organisms.

Question 12

What affects patterns of distribution of life

Answer 12

Abiotic factors such as:
1. climate,
2. latitude,
3. elevation,
4. temperature,
5. humidity,
6. moisture,
7. salinity,
8. and light .

Question 13

Habitat

Answer 13

A place or area with a biome or ecosystem that has a particular set of biotic and abiotic characteristics

Basically, where organisms live.

Question 14

Levels of organization

Answer 14

species/indiv
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ecos
biome
biosphere

Question 15

What is an organisms range?

Answer 15

The geological area where the organism is found

Question 16

What are limiting factors

Answer 16

Any abiotic or biotic element that controls the number of individuals in a population.

Examples:
Competition
Predation
Parasites

Question 17

What are the two types of competition

Answer 17

1. Intraspecific competition: between members of the same species.
   ex: finding a mate, and territory
2. Interspecific competition: between members of different species
   ex: hyenas & lions/cheetas

Question 18

What is symbiosis/symbiotic relationships?

Answer 18

Long term relationship between different organisms/ species

Question 19

3 types of symbiosis

Answer 19

1. Mutualism: Both org.’s benefit
2. Parasitism: One org. benefits, the other is harmed.
3. Commensalism: One org. benefits, the other remains neutral