My Geography > 2C - Resource Management > Flashcards

2C - Resource Management Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

Define resource management

A

The control and monitoring a resources so that they don’t become depleted or exhausted

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2
Q

Define resource

A

A stock or supply of some asset that can be easily drawn on by a person, organization or country in order to function more effectively

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3
Q

Give examples of some assets for resources

A

Money, materials, staff

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4
Q

Define renewable resource

A

Can replenish itself in a human lifetime

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5
Q

Define sustainable resource

A

We can use it over and over again without causing long-term damage

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6
Q

Give advantages of wood

A

Sound and thermal insulator
Long lasting
Recyclable
Strong
Great for construction
Clean
Beautiful

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7
Q

What does unsustainable resource management mean

A

Assets will eventually run out

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8
Q

What does sustainable resource management mean

A

Controlling the rate of use of resources so that there will be here in the long term

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9
Q

What are calories needed for

A

For us to work and function

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10
Q

Which social group would require the most calories

A

Adult males

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11
Q

Which social group would require the least calories

A

Children

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12
Q

How many calories does a woman require a day

A

2,000

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13
Q

How many calories does a man require per day

A

2,500

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14
Q

What do we need water for

A

Survival
Disposal of waste
Growing and processing food

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15
Q

What percentage of water is used in industry

A

75%

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16
Q

What activities use the most water

A

Baths and taps (21%)
Toilet flushing (30%)
Showers (12%)

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17
Q

What is energy used for

A

Heating homes
Transport
Powering machinery
Processing food

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18
Q

What has energy come from traditionally

A

Burning fossil fuels

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19
Q

Which factors affect the type and amount of energy used

A

Wealth
Where people live

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20
Q

Why are there shortages of some resources

A

Continued economic and population growth is accelerating at a greater rate than the new supply of the resources

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21
Q

Do HICs or LICs consume more resources

A

HICs

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22
Q

Why do HICs consume more food
Give 3 reasons

A

1 higher disposable income means more buying and overconsumption, which leads to more food waste
2 dietary shift to animal products, which require more resources
3 increased access to processed food and fast food for convenience

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23
Q

What is under nourishment

A

Not consuming enough calories to maintain a normal, healthy, active life

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24
Q

What is malnutrition

A

Insufficient intake of a second shown nutrients

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25
What two conditions can malnutrition cause
Marasmus Kwashiokor
26
What is marasmus
Malnutrition caused by lack of calories and protein
27
Give three effects of marasmus
Muscle wasting Fat depletion Impaired organ function
28
What is kwashiorkor
Protein malnutrition However, sufficient calorie intake
29
Name three British vegetables which are locally sourced
Broccoli Onions Potatoes
30
Does tuna have high or low food miles for the UK
High, as it's from the Pacific ocean
31
How many litres of water does the average person in the UK use
150
32
How many litres of water does the average person in Africa use per day
50
33
Give reasons for water increase in the UK
Changes in hygene Demand for out of season food, which requires more water Increased population Increased industrial production Increased wealth, so more use of domestic appliances
34
What is water surplus
Lots of water left over after people have used it
35
What is water deficit
Not enough water for people to use
36
What is stress
The difference between surplus and deficit
37
38
In which area of England is there the most water stress
South
39
What percentage of the UK is water supply is cost as being good quality
30%
40
Give 4 reasons for water pollution in the UK
- runoff like oil from roads - sewage containing bacteria pumped into rivers - untreated waste containing metals from industries - chemicals like pesticides and fertilisers run off farmland
41
Give 5 effects of water pollution in the UK
- wildlife poisoned - can cause cancer in humans if they eat poisoned food (fish) - bacteria in sewage can cause spread of disease - pesticides can kill important parts of ecosystem - increased fertiliser increases nutrients in water, so algae grows faster. Insufficient oxygen for wildlife, obstruction of sunlight for plants
42
Name 6 ways of managing water quality in the UK
Litter traps Strict laws, limiting pollution from industries Education campaigns to inform of damage caused Building better treatment plants Green roofs, which naturally filter out pollutants in rainwater
43
Give advantages of green roofs
The filter out pollutants in the rainwater, so water quality is better Sustainable Reduces risk of flooding by reducing runoff from roof Combat global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide
44
45
List coal, nuclear, gas and renewable energy resources in order of highest to lowest demand in the UK
Coal Gas Renewable Nuclear
46
For which two resources has energy demands decreased significantly
Coal Nuclear
47
Has home energy use increased or increased in the UK
Decreased
48
Has industry energy use increased or decreased in the UK
Decreased
49
Has transport energy use increased or decreased in the UK, and why
Increased, due to increased use of electric vehicles
50
Why has energy used for homes in the UK decreased
Improved energy efficiency in appliances Higher energy costs
51
Which three main energy resources are increasing in demand in the UK
Wind Biomass Solar
52
Define energy mix
Different sources of energy used by household, industry and other commercial users, such as shops and officers
53
What is a saline solution
Salt dissolved in water
54
What is spoil
Waste materials when minerals are extracted from the ground They are large ugly heaps in random places on the floor
55
Describe change in the cost of coal fuel from now to the future
Now very low Moderate in future Positive correlation
56
Describe change in cost of gas fuel now compared to future
Now very low Future moderate Positive correlation
57
Describe change in cost of oil fuel from now to future
Now moderate Future high Positive correlation
58
Describe change in nuclear energy price from now to the future
Now very low Future moderate Positive correlation
59
What method has reduced the carbon dioxide levels in the environment
Carbon capture
60
Describe how carbon dioxide is killing coral
Carbon dioxide dissolved in ocean water creates carbonic acid, which leads to ocean acidity
61
Which three fuel supplies are not very abundant in the UK now
Gas Oil Nuclear
62
How many years is there sufficient coal in the UK for
200
63
Why was the proposal to build a wind farm off the Dorset coast turns down
Visual impact that it would have had
64
What is the purpose of fracking
A way to extract gas locked in rocks thousands of meters below the Earth's surface
65
Describe the process of fracking
A hole is drilled into earth A mixture with water is injected into it at high pressure Splits open rock Released oil and natural gas
66
2 benefits of fracking
Lower energy prices Can access oil and natural gas reserves
67
Give 3 disadvantages of fracking
Requires lots of water, which impacts local supply Increases likelihood of an earthquake Could contaminate drinking water
68
Give an economic opportunity of fossil fuels
Creation of jobs
69
Give 5 economic challenges of fossil fuels
Coal must be imported Mining causes spoil heaps, which are expensive to clean up Miners suffer from diseases, which costs the NHS Climate change due to greenhouse effect requires coastal defence systems
70
Give 3 environmental challenges of fossil fuels
Greenhouse gases lead to global warming Coal mines disrupt wildlife Creating space for roads for mining means destroying habitats
71
Give 2 economic challenges to nuclear energy
Large costs to build nuclear power stations Expensive to store and transport nuclear waste
72
Give 2 economic opportunities for nuclear energy
Creates jobs Cheap after initial investment
73
Give an environmental opportunity to nuclear energy
Considered cleaner and less polluting than
74
Give two environmental challenges to nuclear energy
Waste must be stored safely to avoid contamination Nuclear accidents are dangerous and affect wildlife and people
75
Give an economic opportunity of renewable energy
Creates jobs in a development of technology
76
Give an environmental opportunity of renewable energy
Lower carbon emissions means less global warming
77
Give three environmental challenges to renewable energy
Wind turbines affect bird migration Sea turbines affect currents and fish Turbines are noisy
78
Give three economic challenges to renewable energy
Expensive to set up initially Visual impact affects tourism, which reduces in common jobs Low profitability due to high initial cost
79
Which three renewable energy sources are decreasing in cost significantly
Tidal Wind Solar
80
Which is a renewable that releases the most carbon emissions
Biomass
81
What renewable energy resource does the UK have an excellent supply of
Wind It'll be from all those English breakfasts
82
In which direction is the prevailing wind in the UK
South-westerly
83
What does the national Grid look like on an OS map
A straight black line with legs
84
What does the national Grid carry around the UK
Electricity
85
Give two human impacts of nuclear contamination
Can cause infertility Skin redness
86
How does contamination from nuclear waste get from the power station to humans
Contaminated nuclear waste is disposed of into the sea This then contaminates the sea The primary consumers get contaminated We eat food from the sea
87
Has the demand for plant-based and animal-based proteins increased
Yes
88
Have ready meals increased in demand
Yes
89
Are ready meals nutritious
No
90
What was food supply historically like in the UK
Local, seasonal, preserved
91
Name three ways to preserve food
Freeze Pickle Bottle
92
Where are mangos imported from, why
Kenya They can only be grown in a hot climate
93
Describe three negative impacts of the UK importing food, for Kenyan people
1 Less land is available for locals to grow food to eat 2 products of the need large amounts of water, which could be scarce 3 people may be exposed to pesticides, and there is no protection in LICs
94
Give a negative economic impact on Kenyan people due to UK importing food
Farmers make more money from exporting to the UK, so locals may not be able to afford food
95
Give two benefits to Kenya due to the UK importing food
1 jobs created in farming, which supplies wages to local people 2 from the wages, taxis can help facilities like schools and hospitals
96
Give 4 UK present food trends
Food bought from supermarket Eating food we like all year Buying global produce More organic and free range
97
What does buying global produce mean in terms of food miles
Food miles will increase
98
Why has the nutritional value of vegetables an grown produce decrease
We are over using the soil and stripping it of the nutrients
99
Give four benefits to organic food
No chemicals More nutritious Tastes better Prevents cancer
100
Give three drawbacks to organic food
Slow production Loss of crop yield due to pests Expensive
101
What is in fertilisers
Nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
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