3. Bronchitis

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

Inflammation of mucous membrane of bronchial tree accompanied by hyper secretion of mucus

Question 2

Causes

Answer 2

• inhalation of physical and chemical irritants
• air pollutants
• viral agents and bacterial agents
• pulmonary irritants
• smoke

Question 3

Clinical Manifestation

Answer 3

• cough (non productive to productive)
• cough occurs in paroxysm
• dyspnea
• tachypnea
• chest tightness and pain
• sleep disturbance
• wheezing
• increase irritability and anxiety
• fever , headache and malaise

Question 4

Diagnostic Tests

Answer 4

• sputum culture
• FBC
• chest xray(hyper expansion of lung)
• pulse oximetry
• ABG

Question 5

Treatments

Answer 5

• chest physiotherapy (deep breathing, pursed lip)
• oxygen therapy
• bronchodilators
• nebulizer (albuterol [ventolin])
• corticosteroid
• mucolytic medications
• antibiotics