Gross Anatomy > 3.1 Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

3.1 Cranial Nerves Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN I?

A

Cribriform plate

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2
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN II?

A

Optic canal

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3
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN III?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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4
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN IV?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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5
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN V1?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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6
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN V2?

A

Foramen Rotundum

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7
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN V3?

A

Foramen Ovale

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8
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN VI?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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9
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN VII?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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10
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN VIII?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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11
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN IX?

A

Jugular Foramen

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12
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN X?

A

Jugular Foramen

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13
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN XI?

A

Jugular Foramen

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14
Q

What is the cranial exit of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal canal

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15
Q

What is the origin of somatic motor fibers that innervate the skeletal muscles of the face and neck?

A

cranial nerve motor nuclei

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16
Q

What cranial nerves also have parasympathetic nuclei?

A

CN III, VII, IX, X

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17
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach their end organs by hitch-hiking along branches of what nerve?

A

CN V

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18
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN I?

A
  • Special sensory - Smell
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19
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN II?

A
  • Special sensory - Vision
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20
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN III?

A
  • Somatic motor:
    • Superior Div - SR, LPSE
    • Inferior Div - MR, IR, IO
  • Visceral motor - Sphincter pupillae and cilliaris mm
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21
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN IV?

A
  • Somatic motor - Superior oblique
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22
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN V1?

A
  • Somatic sensory - orbital and forehead regions
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23
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN V2?

A
  • Somatic sensory - Maxillary region
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24
Q

What are the fiber type(s) of CN V3?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Somatic sensory:
    • Mandibular region, anterior 2/3 tongue, external ear, and tympanic membrane
  • Somatic motor:
    • Mm of mastication: tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, ant belly digastric
25
What are the fiber type(s) of CN VI?
* Somatic motor - Lateral Rectus
26
What are the fiber type(s) of CN VII?
* **Somatic motor** * mm of facial expression: * Temporalis via *temporal branches* * Orbicularis Oculi via *zygomatic* * Platysma m via *cervical branch* * Buccinator m. via *Buccal branches* * Depressors of lower lip and angle of mouth via *Marginal mandibular* * Stylohyoid, post belly digastric, stapedius * **Somatic sensory** - External ear * **Special sensory** - Taste ant 2/3 tongue * *Chorda tympani n.* * **Visceral motor** - Submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, palatal, and nasal glands * *Greater petrosal n. --\> n. of pterygoid canal*
27
What are the fiber type(s) of CN VIII?
* Special Sensory: * Cochlear n. - hearing * Vestibular n. - balance
28
What are the fiber type(s) of CN IX?
* **Somatic motor** - Stylopharyngeus . * **Visceral motor** - Parotid gland via *lesser petrosal n.* * **Visceral sensory** - Carotid body (chemo) and sinus (baro) * **Somatic sensory** - External ear, posterior 1/3 tongue, pharynx, tympanic membrane * **Special sensory** - Taste post 1/3 tongue
29
What are the fiber type(s) of CN X?
* **Somatic motor** - Pharyngeal mm (EXCEPT stylopharyngeus), laryngeal mm, palatal mm (EXCEPT tensor veli palatini) * **Visceral motor** - Trachea, bronchi, heart cardiac m, digestive tract until left colic flexture * **Visceral sensory** - Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, digestive tract until left colic flexure * **Somatic sensory** - External ear * **Special sensory** - Taste from epiglottis
30
What are the fiber type(s) of CN XI?
* **Somatic motor** - SCM, trapezius
31
What are the fiber type(s) of CN XII?
* **Somatic motor** - intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (EXCEPT palatoglossus)
32
Within the optic canal, the ophthalmic artery lays ... to the optic nerve.
inferolateral
33
Within the temporal bone, the Vestibulocochlear n. (CN VIII) divides into what two parts?
Vestibular n. (balance) Cochlear n. (hearing)
34
CN III sends somatic motor to all extra ocular mm. and the levator palpebrae superioris, except ...
Lateral Rectus (VI) and Superior Oblique (IV)
35
What do the parasympathetic fibers of CN III innervate?
Smooth muscular sphincter pupillae and ciliaris (size of pupil and lens accommodation)
36
Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies of CN III located?
Edinger Westfall (accessory oculomotor) nucleus
37
After the synapse in the ciliary ganglion, how do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN III get to their target?
hitch-hike on a branch of CN V1
38
What does CN IV supply?
Superior oblique m. (intorsion) from its superior aspect
39
CN IV is unique in that it is the only cranial nerve to emerge ... from the brainstem, it also decussates before doing so, so it supplies the contralateral muscle.
Dorsal
40
Where do the cell bodies of CN IV originate?
trochlear nucleus of the pons
41
What are the branches of CN V1?
Nasociliary n. Frontal n. Lacrimal n.
42
What are the nerve branches of the frontal n. (V1)?
supratrochlear n. supraorbital n.
43
What are the branches off of the nasociliary n. (CN V1)?
Long ciliary n. ganglionic branches to the ciliary ganglion ethmoid n. infratrochlear n.
44
What is the path of the lacrimal n.?
Runs along the superior border of the lateral rectus muscles with the lacrimal artery, and supplies the lacrimal gland and adjoining conjunctiva.
45
What are the branches of CN V2?
* meningeal * ganglionic branches (sensory to pterygopalatine ganglion) * zygomatic n. (brings parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal gland) * superior alveolar n. (PSA, ASA) * nasal branches * greater and lesser palatine n.
46
What are the branches of V3 from the nerve?
* nerve to medial pterygoid (also supplies tensor tympani, and tensor veli palatini)
47
What are the branches of V3 from the anterior trunk?
* Long buccal n. * Motor branches to the muscles of mastication
48
What are the branches of V3 from the posterior trunk?
* Inferior alveolar n. * Lingual n. (sensory and taste of ant 2/3 tongue, taste from chorda tympani) * Auriculotemporal n. - pain from TMJ
49
What does the lingual n. (CN V3) target?
sensory and taste of ant. 2/3 of the tongue, picks up taste fibers from chorda tympani n. (CN VII)
50
What is the path of the auriculotemporal n. (CN V3)?
Circles the middle meningeal a. with postsynaptic fibers of CN IX to pass to the parotid gland. Transmits pain from TMJ
51
What 2 nerves come together to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal?
* Greater Petrosal (pre-gang. PSNS) * Deep Petrosal (post-gang. sym fibers from ICA plexus)
52
What is the only motor branch of CN IX?
Nerve to Stylopharyngeus
53
How do parasympathetic fibers travel to the parotid gland?
* Tympanic n. to the tympanic plexus * Becomes the lesser petrosal n. to the otic ganglion * Joins CN V3 (auriculotemporal n.) to supply parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland
54
What branches from the superior laryngeal n. branch of CN X?
* Internal laryngeal n. * External laryngeal n.
55
What is the function of the inferior laryngeal n.?
* Pierces thyrohyoid membrane * Supplies larynx superior to the vocal cords
56
What does the external laryngeal n. supply?
* motor to the cricothyroid muscle of the larynx
57
What does the recurrent laryngeal n. (CN X) supply?
* sensory to larynx inferior to the vocal cords * Motor to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx
58
What is the purpose of the cardiac branches of CN X?
* act to slow the hear * constrict the coronary arteries
59
What does the superior root of ansa cervicalis bring fibers from C1 to?
Geniohyoid Thyrohyoid
Gross Anatomy
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