How were genetic defects treated before gene therapy?
By treating the symptoms, rather than the DNA.
- Dietary restrictions
- Organ transplants
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What is gene therapy?
Gene therapy treats the disease by inserting, removing or replacing defective genes in an organism’s cells.
What are the 2 types of gene therapy?
- Germ-line (modifies germ cells)
- Somatic (modifies somatic cells)
What is germ-line gene therapy?
It is the modification of germ cells(egg, sperm). This modification CAN pass to the offspring.
- BANNED
What is Somatic gene therapy?
It is the modification of somatic cells (all other cells besides germ). The modification is not heritable.
State a gene therapy example
For Sickle Cell Disease: a boy was cured by replacing his bone marrow with stem cells from an unrelated infant’s umbilical cord.
What are the challenges of gene therapy?
Safety risks: The immunity can attack the vector used to deliver the gene.
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Negative side effects: The therapy can lead to side effects like cancer, allergies, damage to organs.
What is genetic screening?
It uses biochemical tests to identify inherited disorders in parents, children or embryos.
What are some ways for genetic screening? (3)
- Adult Screening
- Amniocentesis
- Newborn Screening
What is Adult Screening?
This is looking at the genome or family history to screen for disorders
What is amniocentesis?
This is prenatal testing don’t in utero. It is recommended for older pregnant people.
What is Newborn Screening?
This is a heel prick blood test.
(All Canadian babies go through it)
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3.1 Molecular Basis Of Inheritance18
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3.2 History Of Genetics13
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3.3 DNA Replication & Repair19
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3.6 Transcription20
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3.7 Translation23
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3.8 Controlling Gene Expression21
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3.9 Mutations29
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3.10 Genomes And Gene Organization16
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3.111
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3.120
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3.1313
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3.4 DNA Organization And Aging12
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3.5 Protein Synthesis11
