What can be done when it is impractical to measure every individual?
select a representative sample of the population
What determines the appropriate sample size?
the extent of the natural variation within a population
More variable populations require…
a larger sample size
A representative sample should…
share the same mean and the same degree of variation about the mean as the population as a whole
In random sampling…
members of the population have an equal chance of being selected
In systemic sampling…
members of a population are selected at regulated intervals
In stratified sampling…
the population is divided into categories that are then sampled proportionally