3.3- Network Hardware

Question 1

Whats NIC

Answer 1

Network Interface Card
- needed to allow a device to connect to a network (internet)

Question 2

Whats MAC

Answer 2

Media Access Control
- comprises 48 bits (6 groups of hexadecimal)
- first 6 digits: manufacturers code

Question 2

What allocates IP address?

Answer 2

Network

Question 2

2 types of MAC Address [4]

Answer 2

1. UAA- Universally administered- made universally, cannot be changed
2. LAA- Locally administered- made locally, can be changed

Question 2

Two types of IP Addresses

Answer 2

1. Static
2. Dynamic

Question 3

What is Static IP address

Answer 3

1. assigned manually to device
2. does not change over time

Question 4

IPv4 characteristics [3]

Answer 4

1. Widely used
2. four groups of deci, separated by dots (192.168.12.8)
3. 4.3 bil unique address

Question 5

What is Dynamic IP address

Answer 5

1. assigned automatically by a DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) server
2. changes periodically or when the device connects to a different network

Question 6

IPv6 characteristics [3]

Answer 6

1. developed when Ipv4 was limited
2. 8 groups of hex, separated by :
3. A lot of unique addresses

Question 7

Differences between IPv4 and IPv6: allocation

Answer 7

4: allocated manually using DHCP
6: assigned using stateless autoconfiguration

Question 8

Router functionality

Answer 8

a networking device that directs data packets between different networks
- determines the most efficient path for data transmission

Question 9

How do routers send data to a specific destination on a network

Answer 9

1. examines the destination IP ad. of incoming data packets
2. uses routing cables to determine the next hope/router in path
3. Router forwards packet to next appropriate hop

Question 10

Router’s role in IP address assignment

Answer 10

1. a router can act as DHCP- assigns IP address to devices on local network
2. dynamically allocated IP ad. from predefined range (to connected devices)
3. DHCP allows automatic IP ad. configuration + simplifies management of network

Question 10

Router’s role in connecting a local network to the internet

Answer 10

1. serves as gateway between local network and internet
2. connects local network to ISP (internet service provider) network
3. receives data packets from devices on local network+ forwards them to internet
4. receives incoming data packets from internet + routes them to appropriate devices (local network)