34- Hepatitis viruses A,E

Question 1

hepatitis A
taxonomy - family & virus genus

Answer 1

-picornaviridae family, hepatovirus genus

Question 2

hepatitis A
transmission

Answer 2

-feco-oral route
-contamined food and water
-could be shell-fish contamination

Question 3

hepatitis A
clinical presentation + incubation

Answer 3

-often asymptomatic in children
-incubational period: 2-6 weeks

Question 4

what do hepatitis A & E cause

Answer 4

-acute hepatitis

Question 5

hepatitis A & E
acute hepatitis stages

Answer 5

first prodromal stage: fever, nausea, vomiting
second stage: jaundice, dark urine, pale stool, pruritus
-aversion to smoking??
self-limiting infection (liver failure in 0.1%)

Question 6

hepatitis A
diagnoiss

Answer 6

-HAV IgM from serum
-HAV PCR from serum, stool
-HAV IgG: past infection or vaccination

Question 7

hepatitis A
treatment

Answer 7

-not available
-self-limitng - avoid alcohol consumption

Question 8

hepatitis A
prevention

Answer 8

VACCINATION
-inactivated HAV vaccine eg. Havrix
-recommended for people travelling or in endemic areas, patients with preexisting liver disease, for people with occupational risk factors - contact with feces

Question 9

hepatitis E
taxonomy

Answer 9

-hepevirus - non-enveloped + ssRNA virus

Question 10

hepatitis E
transmission and genotype differences

Answer 10

-feco-oral route
genotypes 1-2: from human feces contamination
genotypes 3-4: pigs, wild boars, other animals - zoonotic, with meat

Question 11

hepatitis E
clinical presentation (incubation period)

Answer 11

-2-6 weeks

Question 12

whats a specific infection that Hep E can cause other than acute hepatitis

Answer 12

fulminant
-severe complication where acute hepatitis progresses rapidly to acute liver failure
-life-threatening hepatitis in pregnant

Question 13

hepatitis E
diagnosis

Answer 13

-HEV IgM from serum
-HEV PCR from serum, stool
-HEV IgG: past infection

Question 14

hepatitis E
treatment

Answer 14

-self-limitng
for severe cases: ribavirin

Question 15

hepatitis E
prevention

Answer 15

hygiene
***recombinant vaccine against genotype 1 approved only by china