3.6 System Development Methodology (Doshi)

Question 1

What is agile?

Answer 1

An approach of project management that is utilized in software development. It allows the programmer to start writing a program without spending much time on pre-planning documentation.

Question 2

Agile development project

Answer 2

In an Agile development project, a larger development team is broken up into smaller teams of five to nine developers and a leader, and the project deliverable are broken up into smaller pieces that can each be attained in just a few weeks.

Question 3

Prototyping

Answer 3

Is the process of creating systems through controlled trial and error

Question 4

Risk of prototyping

Answer 4

Focuses too much on what customer wants, and may miss control . Finish system may present a potential risk because of poor controls.

Question 5

Rapid application development (RAD)

Answer 5

Relies on the usage of a prototype that can be updated continually to meet changing user or business requirements

Question 6

Object Oriented System development (OOSD)

Answer 6

A programming technique and not a software development methodology. Object here refers to small piece of program that can be used individually or in combination with other objects.

Question 7

Benefit of object oriented:

Answer 7

the ability to reuse objects.

Question 8

Encapsulation:

Answer 8

A technique uses by object oriented in which one object interacts with another object.

Question 9

Component based development:

Answer 9

It’s an outgrowth of object-oriented development. reflects the software architecture of an application.

Question 10

Reverse Engineering:

Answer 10

Reverse engineering is the process of studying and analyzing an application and the information is used to develop a similar system.

It’s often refers to process of major changes in a system.

Question 11

Risk associated to agile development

Answer 11

lack of documentation

Question 12

Why agile approach reviews are done?

Answer 12

To identify lessons learned for future use in the project.

Question 13

Waterfall approach:

Answer 13

It’s suitable when requirements are well defined and understood.

It’s not suitable when requirement are frequently changing.

Question 14

Prototyping advantages:

Answer 14

Provide significant cost and time savings

Question 15

When is Top-down testing methods most effective?

Answer 15

During the initial approach of prototyping

Question 16

Major advantage of a component-based development approach:

Answer 16

The support of multiple development environments

Question 17

Agile Development:

Answer 17

• Dictionary meaning of agile is ‘able to move quickly and easily’.
• Agile allows the programmer to just start writing a program without spending much time on preplanning documentation.
• Less importance is placed on formal paper-based deliverables, with the preference being to produce releasable software in short iterations, typically ranging from 4 to 8 weeks.
• At the end of each iteration, the team considers and documents what worked well and what could have worked better, and identifies improvements to be implemented in subsequent iterations.
• Some programmers prefer agile because they do not want to be involved in tedious planning exercises.

Question 18

In any given scenario, major risk associated with agile development is

Answer 18

lack of documentation.

Question 19

In any given scenario, in agile approach reviews are done to

Answer 19

identify lessons learned for future use in the project.

Question 20

Object Oriented System Development:

Answer 20

• OOSD is a programming technique and not a software development methodology.
• Object here refers to small piece of program that can be used individually or in combination with other objects.
• In Object oriented language, application is made up of smaller components (objects).
• One of the major benefits of object-oriented design and development is the ability to reuse objects.
• OO uses a technique known as ‘encapsulation’ in which one object interacts with another object. This is a common practice whereby any particular object may call other object to perform its work.

Question 21

In any given scenario, a major benefit of object-oriented development is

Answer 21

the ability to reuse objects.

Question 22

Prototyping:

Answer 22

• Prototyping is the process of creating systems through controlled trial and error.
• A prototype is an early sample or model to test a concept or process. A prototype is a small scale working system used to test the assumptions. Assumptions may be about user requirements, program design or internal logic.
• This method of system development can provide the organization with significant time and cost savings.

– By focusing mainly on what the user wants and sees, developers may miss some of the controls that come from the traditional systems development approach; therefore, a potential risk is that the finished system will have poor controls.

Question 23

Rapid Application Development:

Answer 23

RAD includes use of:

(1) Small and well trained development teams.
(2) Prototypes
(3) Tools to support modeling, prototyping and component reusability.
(4) Central repository
(5) Rigid limits on development time frames

Question 24

In any given scenario, important advantage of prototyping is

Answer 24

that it provides significant cost and time savings.

Question 25

In any given scenario, Top-up testing methods is

Answer 25

MOST effective during the initial phases of Prototyping.

Question 26

In any given scenario, Rapid Application Development (RAD) uses

Answer 26

a prototype approach that can be updated continually to meet changing user or business requirements.

Question 27

Rapid Application Development (RAD) relies on

Answer 27

the usage of a prototype that can be updated continually to meet changing user or business requirements.

Question 28

RAD enables the organization to develop systems

Answer 28

quickly while reducing development cost and maintaining quality. This is achieved by use of above techniques.