3.7 3.8

Question 1

Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia (year, objective)

Answer 1

1787
objective → draft a new governing document for the United States to replace the Articles of Confederation

Question 2

key issues were debated at the constitutional convention (representation, 2 plans, compromise)

Answer 2

1. representation in congress (legislative branch of government)
   
   • virginia plan: representation on population
   • New jersey plan: representation equal regardless of population (each state → 1 vote)
   • Result → connecticut compromise
     
     • Bicameral (two-house) congress
       
       • house of representatives → representation on population
       • Senate: each state gets two members regardless of population

Question 3

slavery (two key themes)

Answer 3

1. Two key themes here:
   1. Should slaves count in population for representation and taxes
   1. slave states → yes for representation; no for taxes
   2. non-slave states → no for representation; yes for taxes
   3. result: Three-Fifths Compromise
   1. slaves counted as 3/5th of a person
2. Should slave trade continue?
   1. slave states → yes
   2. non-slave states → no
   3. result: continue for 20 more years until 1808

Question 4

Trade

Answer 4

commercial compromise: congress can regulate interstate and foreign commerce

Question 5

Election of presidency

Answer 5

• No direct elections
  
  • each state gets “electors” equal to state’s congressional representation
  • electors cote fore presidency (usually follow the vote of the people in that state)
• system called the electoral college

Question 6

Ratification Debate (two sides and what they want)

Answer 6

• federalists
  
  • supported ratification
  • aruged that stronger central government was needed
  • urban and upper class
  • included james madison, alexander hamilton, and john jay
    
    • wrote the federalist papers to persuade people constitution was beneficial
• Anti-federalists
  
  • opposed ratification
  • argued that constitution limited democracy and rights of states and individuals
  • common in rural areas and lower economic status