3.7 Changes in Development

Question 1

What are some economic measures of development

Answer 1

Income per capita
Economic sector balance

Question 2

What is income per capita

Answer 2

The average income of a population

Question 3

What is economic sector balance

Answer 3

Contribution of each sector to total national income

The economy is split into four sectors (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary) and the importance of each changes with development

Question 4

What are social measures of development

Answer 4

Human development index (HDI)
Gender inequality index (GII)
Environmental quality

Question 5

What is HDI

Answer 5

Life expectancy, income, education scored from 0-1

Question 6

What is GII

Answer 6

Scored 0-1, the closer to 1, the more inequality

Measured based on reproductive health, empowerment, and labour force participation rate

Question 7

how is environmental quality measured

Answer 7

Environmental Perfomance Index (EPI) based on pollution outside and air quality inside homes

Question 8

What is the gini coefficient

Answer 8

Between 0-1/10/100
Measures inequality in distribution of household income with 0 being fully equal and 1/10/100 being one person has 100% of the wealth

Question 9

What is Lorenz curve

Answer 9

Gin in coefficient shown on a graph
Straight line y=x is the most equal whereas large curves represent high levels of inequality

Question 10

What are the global trends in economic development

Answer 10

All regions have seen a rise in GDP
Africa, Asia, and Latin America have seen significantly less growth than Europe and the USA

Question 11

What are the global trends in environmental management

how much is agricultural land and what is the impact

Answer 11

40% of the worlds terrain is productive agricultural land (loss of habitat/biodiversity)
Causes depleting groundwater sources and removal of mangrove forests

Question 12

What country is the biggest emitter

Answer 12

China
Responsible for almost 30% of global carbon emissions
Also has the most endangered species