3rd Edition Chapter 17 - Fire Attack

Question 1

Single-family dwellings constructed since 1980?

Answer 1

Modern Dwellings

Question 2

Single-family dwellings constructed before 1980?

Answer 2

Legacy Dwellings

Question 3

What are the four factors that distinguish modern dwellings from legacy dwellings?

Answer 3

1. Larger homes
2. Open house geometries
3. Increased fuel loads
4. New construction materials

Question 4

The volume between an inlet and an exhaust that allows the movement of heat and smoke from a higher-pressure area within the fire area toward lower-pressure areas accessible via doors, windows, and other openings?

Answer 4

Flow Path

Question 5

Observations at the Governor’s Island experiments included the following points when combatting ventilation-limited compartment fires?

Answer 5

1. It is essential to control the access door to restrict introduction of air into the fire room and thereby delay flashover
2. The only way to go from a ventilation-limited to a fuel-limited fire is through application of water before vertical ventilation
3. “Softening” the target by applying 30-90 seconds of water into the compartment dramatically reduces fire development and improves conditions
4. You cannot make a big enough ventilation hole to localize fire growth or reduce temperatures in ventilation-limited structure fires

Question 6

A systematic process of gathering and processing information to evaluate the situation and then translating that information into a plan to deal with the situation?

Answer 6

Size-Up

Question 7

What is end result of a good size-up? It considers all the pertinent information, defines strategies and tactics, and assigns resources to complete those tactics

Answer 7

Incident Action Plan

Question 8

What is one of the most significant factors in size-up?

Answer 8

Visualization

Question 9

What’s the Lloyd Layman’s five-step process for analyzing emergency situations?

Answer 9

1. Facts
2. Probabilities
3. Situations
4. Decision
5. Plan of Operation

Question 10

The things that are known about the situation?

Answer 10

Facts

Question 11

Things that are likely to happen or can be anticipated based on the known facts?

Answer 11

Probabilities

Question 12

The situation assessment involves three considerations?

Answer 12

1. Whether the resources on scene and en route will be sufficient to handle the incident?
2. Specific capabilities and limitations of the responding resources in relation to the problem
3. Capabilities and limitations of the personnel, based on training and experience

Question 13

This step of Layman’s size-up requires the fire officer to make specific judgement based on the known facts and probabilities, as well as the situation evaluation?

Answer 13

Decision

Question 14

In Decision phase of Layman’s size-up, the officer needs to answer four questions?

Answer 14

1. Are there enough resources responding to and on the scene to extinguish the fire or mitigate the situation?
2. Are sufficient resources available, and do conditions allow for an interior attack?
3. What is the most effective assignment of on-scene resources?
4. What is the most effective assignment of responding resources?

Question 15

What are the three phases of the National Fire Academy’s size-up process?

Answer 15

1. Pre-Incident Information
2. Initial Size-Up
3. Ongoing Size-Up

Question 16

Which phase of the NFA’s size-up process considers what you know before the incident occurs? Closely mirrors the Facts step identified by Layman

Answer 16

Phase 1: Pre-Incident Information

Question 17

Which phase of the NFA’s size-up process begins on receipt of the alarm?

Answer 17

Phase 2: Initial Size-Up

Question 18

What 3 question need to be answered in the 2nd phase of NFA size-up process?

Answer 18

1. What do I have?
2. Where is it going? Closely associated with the Probabilities step noted by Layman
3. How do I control it? Closely associated with the Situation step noted by Layman

Question 19

Which phase of the NFA’s size-up process addresses the need to continually size up the situation as it evolves?

Answer 19

Phase 3: Ongoing Size-Up

Question 20

The ongoing size-up requires a constant flow of feedback information to the incident commander. What information does the IC needs to know?

Answer 20

1. An assignment is completed
2. An assignment cannot be completed
3. Additional resources are needed
4. Resources can be released
5. Conditions have changed
6. Additional problems have been identified
7. Emergency conditions exist

Question 21

What determines the appropriate strategy for an incident?

Answer 21

Risk Analysis

Question 22

An advance into the fire building by fire fighters with hose lines or other extinguishing agents to overpower the fire?

Answer 22

Offensive Operation

Question 23

This type of operation is used when the risks outweigh the expected benefits?

Answer 23

Defensive Operation

Question 24

A situation in which an operation is changing or preparing to change?

Answer 24

Transitional Operation

Question 25

After size-up, the IC develops an IAP based on the incident priorities. What are the two major components to the Incident Action Plan?

Answer 25

1. The determination of the appropriate strategy to mitigate an incident 2. The development of tactics to execute the strategy

Question 26

Are used to provide a consistent structure to the process of establishing strategies, tactics, and tasks?

Answer 26

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

Question 27

What are the three basic priorities for an incident action plan?

Answer 27

1. Life Safety 2. Incident Stabilization 3. Property Conservation

Question 28

What's the acronym used that covers the critical factors in developing a strategy?

Answer 28

``` Rescue Exposures Confinement Extinguishment Overhaul ``` Ventilation Salvage

Question 29

All functions related to searching for potential victims and removing them from danger to a location of safety, as well as any other activity that is necessary to reduce the risk of death or injury?

Answer 29

Rescue

Question 30

Most important in a situation in which the IC does not immediately have sufficient resources to control or extinguish the fire fully?

Answer 30

Exposures

Question 31

Prevent the fire from spreading to uninvolved areas of the same property?

Answer 31

Confinement

Question 32

Recent NIST and UL research shows the dramatic impact of initial application of 30-60 seconds of water into a compartment did what?

Answer 32

1. Dramatic reduction of heat within the flow path 2. Improved occupant survival 3. Safer interior suppression conditions

Question 33

Activity that makes sure the fire is completely out?

Answer 33

Overhaul

Question 34

Designed to remove heat, smoke, and the products of combustion from a fire area and allow cool, fresh air to enter?

Answer 34

Ventilation

Question 35

Protecting or removing property that could be damaged by the fire, smoke, water, or firefighting operations?

Answer 35

Salvage

Question 36

Highest hazard; minimum number of crew allowed in the area. Could be an area of structural weakness, a hazardous environment, or an area requiring use of full PPE including SCBA. Under direct supervision of a unit, branch, or group leader with an identified entry/exit point?

Answer 36

Hot Zone

Question 37

Moderate hazard; Restricted number of emergency service member allowed in the area. This area remains part of an active incident and requires the use of some protective equipment or special vigilance?

Answer 37

Warm Zone

Question 38

Minimum hazard; No restrictions on number of crew or nonemergency service individuals allowed in the area?

Answer 38

Cold Zone

Question 39

A dedicated crew of firefighters who are assigned for rapid deployment to rescue lost or trapped members?

Answer 39

Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC)

Question 40

Term used to indicate that a fire fighter is lost, missing, or in life-threatening danger?

Answer 40

May-Day

Question 41

A systematic method of accounting for all personnel at an emergency incident?

Answer 41

Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)