What is MOA of acetaminophen and what is it used for?
- Analgesic/ antipyretic that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis
- Elevates pain threshold
- Acts on hypothalamic heat-regulating center
- Used for MSK pain, earache, LBP, arthritis, dysmenorrhea, myalgia, infections
Is acetaminophen or ASA stronger in regards to analgesic and antipyretic effects?
Both are considered equipotent
Advantages of tablets over other dosage forms to manufacturers
- Economy
- Stability
- Convenience
Advantages of tablets over other dosage forms to consumers
- Accuracy
- Portability
- Convenience
What are some excipients found in tablets?
- Diluents
- Binders
- Lubricants
- Disintegrants
- Glidants
- Colorants
- Flavouring agents
Purpose and examples of diluents
- Increase tablet mass for compression
- Ex: lactose, cellulose, mannitol, starch
Purpose and examples of binders
- Improve free-flowing qualities of granules for desired hardness
- Ex: starch, gelatin, sugars (sucrose, glucose, dextrose), acacia
Purpose and examples of lubricants
- Prevent adhesion to dies/punches, reduce friction, facilitate ejection
- Ex: talc, magnesium stearate, PEG
Purpose and examples of disintegrants
- Absorb water rapidly to increase size afterwards, so tablets can disintegrate after administration
- Ex: starch, cellulose
Purpose of glidants
Improve flow characteristics of a powder mixture
Purpose of colorants
Provide appealing appearance
What is used in controlled release tablets that is unique?
Specific polymers or coating materials
What is the most popular tableting procedure?
Wet granulation
Describe wet granulation
- Weighing
- Mixing
- Granulating
- Wet screening
- Drying
- Dry screening
- Lubricating
- Compressing
Describe fluid-bed granulation
- Weighing
- Mixing, granulating, and drying processed in a single piece of equipment
What is special about dry granulation?
- No granulation fluid so no moisture
- High temperature is applied
What is special about direct compression?
- Most recent
- Mixing and compressing with shortened processing time/cost
What characteristics describe a tablet?
- Tablet size, shape, thickness, weight
- Hardness
- Drug content and uniformity
- Drug disintegration and dissolution
When is tablet hardness measured?
Throughout the tableting process
Why can’t a tablet be too hard or soft?
- Too hard = may not meet disintegration and/or dissolution requirements
- Too soft = won’t withstand handling conditions during subsequent processing
What determines tablet hardness?
Resistance to chipping, abrasion, or breakage during storage, transportation, and handling
What is tablet friability?
Ability of the tablet to withstand abrasion during packaging, handling, and shipping
When is tablet friability measured?
On finished products
Which tablets normally are tested for content uniformity?
Those w/ small amounts of active ingredients or have small tablet weight
