4 - peer relations

Question 1

reference group

Answer 1

• comparative function: serves as a standard to which we measure our behaviours and attitudes)
• normative function: guides our behaviour and attitudes and help us to identify social norms

Question 2

adolescent peer relations provides:

Answer 2

• role models
• standards for social comparison
• sense of trust, self-disclosure
• support
• helps to define their identity

Question 3

sibling subsystem - benefits

Answer 3

• allows experimentation with peer relations
• experiment with responsibility
• learn to take on parental roles

Question 4

peer group - definition

Answer 4

• social group whose members have interest, social position and age in common

Question 5

variable that influence children’s friendships

Answer 5

1. grounding influence
2. child’s view of self
3. social cognition
4. emotional regulation
5. play experiences - pretend imaginative play
6. language
7. adult support

Question 6

friendship framework level 0 - momentary playmates

Answer 6

• egocentrism
• ages 3-6
• peers with whom they play most often

Question 7

birth order

Answer 7

• for older siblings, it’s a challenge when the younger arrives (newborn takes energy of mother - less frequent interaction with mother)
  1st born children:
• higher strive for achievement
• more sociable
• in case of boys, higher rate of behavioural problems
• girls are more obedient and responsible

Question 8

friendship framework level 1 - one-way assistance

Answer 8

• ages 5-9
• friends whose behaviour pleases them
• desire to have a friend is so strong many prefer to play with weird person rather than play alone
• boys with boys, girls with girls

Question 9

development of groups

Answer 9

1. forming
2. storming
3. norming
4. performing
5. adjourning

psychologist: bruce tuckman

Question 10

friendship framework level 2 - two way, fair weather cooperation

Answer 10

• ages 7-12
• children consider both points of view in the friendship
• in pairs
• conformity
• possessive, jealous

Question 11

friendship framework level 3 - intimate, mutually shared relationships

Answer 11

• ages 8-15
• ongoing relationship with shared goals
• share feelings, help each other solve personal conflicts and problems

Question 12

friendship framework level 4 - mature friendships

Answer 12

• ages 12+
• emotional, psychological benefits are most valued qualities
• friends aren’t as possessive of each other
• can have dissimilar interests